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单词 construction
释义
construction
(kənstrʌən )
Word forms: constructions
1. uncountable noun B2
Construction is the building of things such as houses, factories, roads, and bridges.
He'd already started construction on a hunting lodge.
...the only nuclear power station under construction in Britain.
...the downturn in the construction industry.
Quincy wants a job in construction.
2. uncountable noun B2
The construction of something such as a vehicle or machine is the making of it.
...companies who have long experience in the construction of those types of equipment. [+ of]
With the exception of teak, this is the finest wood for boat construction.
Synonyms: building, assembly, creation, formation  
3. uncountable noun [with poss] B2
The construction of something such as a system is the creation of it.
...the construction of a just system of criminal justice. [+ of]
4. countable noun B2
You can refer to an object that has been built or made as a construction.
The British pavilion is an impressive steel and glass construction the size of Westminster Abbey.
Synonyms: structure, building, edifice, form  
5. uncountable noun
You use construction to refer to the structure of something and the way it has been built or made.
The Shakers believed that furniture should be plain, simple, useful, practical and of sound construction.
The chairs were light in construction yet extremely strong.
6. countable noun [usually singular]
The construction that you put on what someone says or does is your interpretation of what it means.
The denial was limited to rejecting the construction put on his remarks.
He put the wrong construction on what he saw.
Synonyms: interpretation, meaning, reading, sense  
7. countable noun B2
A grammatical construction is a particular arrangement of words in a sentence, clause, or phrase.
Avoid complex verbal constructions.
Synonyms: composition, structure, arrangement  
Collocations:
construction contract
The sale of the construction contract removes that distraction.
Times, Sunday Times
It said that it was entitled to 'substantial and legitimate' extensions of time under the terms of its construction contract.
Times, Sunday Times
These have to be agreed before alterations to the original construction contract can go ahead.
Times, Sunday Times
Self-built homes will not attract the additional stamp duty, neither will buying land and issuing a construction contract to build a property on it.
Times, Sunday Times
It also said that profits from a new construction contract would be deferred until next year because it was running late.
Times, Sunday Times
construction contractor
It plans to limp on as a construction contractor after the sale, focused on projects such as roads, airports and offices.
Times,Sunday Times
He was a heavy construction contractor by career.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
He worked as a construction contractor.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The show's producers coordinate with a local construction contractor, which then coordinates with various companies in the building trades for a makeover of the family's home.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
After an attempt to sell the line and vehicles by tender failed, the company was taken over by the construction contractor in lieu of its debt to him.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
construction costs
This found that inflation in construction costs was much higher than general inflation.
Times, Sunday Times
The escalating expected construction costs made the investment too risky, it said.
Times, Sunday Times
We had accumulated about $164,000 toward construction costs of about $500,000.
Christianity Today
The construction costs are estimated to be between 180,000 and 200,000 a room.
Times, Sunday Times
To finance this, we'll establish a new 140m fund that will pump-prime the planning process, temporary rehousing and early construction costs.
Times, Sunday Times
construction crane
A 130ft construction crane also crashed on to a building site at the city's technology college.
Times, Sunday Times
The construction crane operator was trying to catch a bus home after finishing his shift around 7:15 a.m.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
It weighs 2,400 lbs., having necessitated the use of a construction crane for its installation.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Such early designs, however, proved unreliable because of their inability to operate safely in all construction crane environments.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Construction cranes dominate the skylisne at the moment, as besides the new accommodation a brand new theatre and arts centre are being built.
Times, Sunday Times
construction debris
Surrounding areas are covered with large boulders, pebbles, gravel and construction debris.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
This new store was built with recycled materials and recycled 98% of its construction debris.
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Physical evidence, including low stone walls and construction debris, suggests that several wood structures were also originally present on the site.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Products hauled in these trailers include but are not limited to bulk commodities, municipal waste, and construction debris.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Contamination can occur from soil, miscellaneous sediment, construction debris, ingrowing vegetation, and so on.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
construction delays
We had worked furiously the previous weeks and months to overcome construction delays.
Christianity Today
Last year it cut production forecasts four times as a result of construction delays and low-quality ore.
Times,Sunday Times
There have been construction delays and demonstrations across the country.
The Sun
The two-month shutdown of the housing market during lockdown has led to widespread construction delays, and housebuyers and builders have called for an extension.
Times,Sunday Times
It says that about 18,400 house sales could have fallen through because construction delays would have meant missing the previous deadline.
Times,Sunday Times
construction design
It was merely a matter of demolishing an illegal structure without a land certificate or construction design.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
In comparison to the earlier architectural concepts, the last one changed the roof construction design.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The builders did not level foundations for their structures, but adapted construction designs to the uneven surfaces of rock slabs.
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The settlement was developed in complexes, with construction designed to create an infrastructure for the cultural and everyday life of the residents.
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The reconstruction design was based on the original construction designs which were still available.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
construction equipment
Will all rubbish lorries, buses, taxis, trains and construction equipment be converted?
The Sun
The company, famous for its bright yellow construction equipment, started production of its own engines in 2004.
Times, Sunday Times
The world's largest maker of construction equipment more than tripled its earnings and raised its outlook.
canada.com
The 208-year-old global business operates across a range of industries, including financial services, logistics, convenience stores and construction equipment hire.
Times, Sunday Times
The statement derailed hopes that the departure of the directors could revive talks between the tool-hire and construction equipment companies - at least in the near-term.
Times, Sunday Times
construction firm
Crucially, his construction firm offered employment too, even if he paid months in arrears.
Times, Sunday Times
But you go about it differently, taking charge of a construction firm.
The Sun
The construction firm he founded in 1993 now provides groundworks and civil engineering services for residential and commercial developments.
Times,Sunday Times
When the war ended, he started a construction firm he felt would be able to help out with the rebuilding needed.
Times, Sunday Times
Construction firm workers who have to work within two metres of each other are now told to work side by side, or facing away from each other.
The Sun
construction machinery
The horror happened when road construction machinery pierced the pipe carrying refined fuel through a village.
The Sun
The demonstrators tried to stop a commercial cruiseliner carrying more riot police and heavy construction machinery from reaching the quayside.
Times,Sunday Times
Instead, they have their eyes on bigger targets, such as lorries and construction machinery.
The Sun
It must take into account every stage of the lifecycle, from transport of materials to construction machinery to steel and aluminum production, and even its eventual demolition.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Trailer mounted diesel powered units are often seen at construction sites, and are used to power air operated construction machinery.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
construction management
After an apprenticeship in carpentry, at 19 he studied construction management at college and applied — 'on a whim' - to be an assistant site manager.
Times, Sunday Times
Graduates entering construction have degrees in a range of subjects, including civil engineering, construction management and quantity surveying.
Times, Sunday Times
Start on its two-year scheme for graduates in construction management, property development or a similar community regeneration discipline and become a future project manager.
Times, Sunday Times
He claimed to have invented the technique of construction management, in which a single company oversees the building of a project from start to finish.
Times, Sunday Times
Real estate, planning and construction management were among the leading elements in a highly successful submission for the 2014 research assessments.
Times, Sunday Times
construction material
We had to run up 13 flights of stairs carrying buckets of construction material in the heat of the sun.
The Sun
If you think about the consumables you would need for humans, you're looking at oxygen, water, construction material and food.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
A boom in housebuilding has led to longer supply times and rising prices for construction material as demand increases faster than vendors can match.
Times, Sunday Times
However, more advances will be necessary before the substance can be used as a core construction material.
Times, Sunday Times
Other sources of economy include, but not limited to, paper, wood, fabrics and construction material.
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construction permit
Progressive successfully applied for a construction permit to build a new transmitter and tower site.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
This station was operated under a construction permit with program test authority as their radio station facility was built.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The station's original application dates back to 1997, and its construction permit was finally issued a decade later in 2007, superseding two issued in 2005.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
An application for a new construction permit would be required to return the station to the air.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
A construction permit was recently granted to allow a daytime power increase to 8,000 watts and 2,300 watts during critical hours.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
construction planning
Consideration of geographic location was also examined during construction planning.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The construction planning phase took one and a half year.
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One of the construction planning coordinator testified that he did mention a possible misinterpretation in a meeting allowing for a potential danger.
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Between 1844 and 1847, he was lucratively employed in railway construction planning.
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construction project
Instead of launching a construction project, we started yet another service.
Christianity Today
Stage one would be a month of group activity - perhaps an adventure training mission or a construction project - taking place away from home.
Times, Sunday Times
The construction project could take 40 years to complete.
Times, Sunday Times
The decade-long construction project was completed in 2008.
Houston Chronicle
He was building a garden house when he noticed strange imprints on the sandstone slabs that were used for this construction project.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
construction schedule
Everything from the supply of the components to the construction schedule are under scrutiny.
Times, Sunday Times
No construction schedule has been set.
Houston Chronicle
The construction schedule of the airport was behind the schedule due to lack of capital from the government.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The fast-paced construction schedule led to contractors to use a self-climbing form system to build the towers.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
However, the project was not included as part of the department's construction schedule until 1989.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
construction technique
Ground-level photographs show an inner chamber, probably a tomb, and a construction technique of large limestone blocks.
Times, Sunday Times
This construction technique, with a low-quality core masonry, meant a considerable saving of labor at the time of the construction.
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Around 1990 a new construction technique was invented: in-mould microshell.
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Actually, the architect had experimented with a new construction technique so that the battered stone walls had concrete cores.
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He was, in fact, built shortly after him and with the same construction technique.
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construction waste
The budget for the troubled event has swollen to at least 32 billion, and contains no provision for treating construction waste.
Times, Sunday Times
It says it recycles 95% of all its construction waste.
Times, Sunday Times
Most of that has been construction waste removed from the site.
Times, Sunday Times
Recycling construction waste can save money - an average of 3%, or 300,000 on a 10m school - and reduce the carbon footprint.
Times, Sunday Times
Design and building professionals can reduce construction waste through design optimization, using right-sized framing members, for example, or pre-manufactured and engineered components.
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cultural construction
He stressed the historicity and cultural construction of concepts while simultaneously advocating the necessity of an atemporal and immanent apprehension of them.
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The reader can understand the novel as art but not necessarily as a cultural construction.
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Accordingly, the deities functioned not as the cartoon characters of immature theologies, but as sophisticated agencies inextricably bound up with human cultural constructions.
The Times Literary Supplement
In this view, all identities are equal in being cultural constructions.
The Times Literary Supplement
Interpreting nature: cultural constructions of the environment.
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dam construction
But as the parties battled in the courts, dam construction went ahead.
Smithsonian Mag
Since 1970, in parallel with a dam construction boom over the last few decades, the world has lost 80 percent of its freshwater wildlife.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
His research also assisted engineering projects across the world, such as bridge building and dam construction, for which he was often called on to make predictions of wave conditions.
Times, Sunday Times
The hazard potential of the dam construction has been ranked high (3).
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The company uses the trade term kinetic hydropower to distinguish their systems from those (tidal and hydroelectric) based on dam construction.
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engineering construction
The effect was to transform engineering construction from a sinking industry into one that has experienced virtually no industrial unrest in the 26 years since the reforms were implemented.
Times, Sunday Times
The focus of these missions would be on capacity building for the nation, subject matter expert exchanges, and engineering construction and repair of facilities.
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Work ranges from traditional military engineering construction of facilities, roads and bridges, to renovating orphanages and building customs and border crossing stations.
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Seals are also affixed on architectural or engineering construction documents, or land survey drawings, to certify the identity of the licensed professional who supervised the development.
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It mainly engages in highway, bridge, port, tunnel, drainage and other civil engineering constructions.
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facilitate the construction of
Natural elevations, such as mountains, may facilitate the construction of the distant, upwardly targeted part.
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The hospital's original helipad was removed in 2003 to facilitate the construction of a new accident and emergency department.
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In early 2006 clearing and road widening were undertaken to facilitate the construction.
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In 1881 the pier-head was enlarged to facilitate the construction of a billiard room, adjoining the pavilion.
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After reading that a protective corrugated-iron structure had been condemned following a flood, they contributed more than 100,000, facilitating the construction of a 3.1 million award-winning building.
Times, Sunday Times
facility construction
This contributes to improved worker safety, the avoidance of disposal costs, faster facility permitting and reduced facility construction footprint.
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In 1969, its powers were expanded to include wastewater facility construction and services.
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The deployment was canceled due to the high cost of facility construction to support the battalion, but the battalion remained ready.
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Road and harbor facilities construction was accelerated.
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finance the construction of
The venerable old ground would be worth at least 16 million, which would pay off debts and finance the construction of their new home.
Times, Sunday Times
This month it will launch a 40m solar fund, which will finance the construction of solar power plants and buy plants already running.
Times, Sunday Times
These bonds are issued by companies to finance the construction of rigs and oil and gas projects.
Times, Sunday Times
If those plants were economically viable, markets would make capital available to finance their construction.
Times, Sunday Times
An extensive fund-raising campaign also took place in order to finance the construction and to fund a scholarship endowment and an operating endowment.
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fund the construction of
We are now proud to have helped the school grow and to have funded the construction of a new classroom.
Times, Sunday Times (2010)
The company is raising 2.5m to help fund the construction of a larger factory.
Times, Sunday Times (2013)
These proceeds will help fund the construction of public facilities and social housing.
Times, Sunday Times (2012)
Another $41- million will be put toward capital expenditures to fund construction and the outfitting of labs and hospital units.
Globe and Mail (2003)
halt construction
Some developers in the main ski resorts are being forced to halt construction immediately.
Times, Sunday Times
The war, however, did not completely halt construction.
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During site preparation, protesters managed to halt construction in high court for one year.
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These have worked to halt construction of tall apartment and office buildings and to conserve the remaining early 20th century mansions.
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The plaintiffs also filed for a restraining order to halt construction activities.
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heavy construction
Our survival was probably due to the heavy construction of the ship and the fitting of steel hatches.
Times, Sunday Times
The demonstrators tried to stop a commercial cruiseliner carrying more riot police and heavy construction machinery from reaching the quayside.
Times,Sunday Times
Three heavy construction vehicles are also destroyed.
The Sun
The world's largest maker of heavy construction and mining equipment reported a 44 per cent drop in thirdquarter profits, which came in at $946 million, down from $1.7 billion a year ago.
Times, Sunday Times
But the building reverberates with the sound of heavy construction next door, where a row of half-demolished 18th-century palaces are making room for luxury office buildings.
Globe and Mail
home construction
Other analysts note that home construction has fallen sharply in recent months.
Houston Chronicle
By honouring the best site managers in the country, we have driven up standards in home construction across the board.
Times, Sunday Times
Over the years, they found a handful of experts familiar with 19th-century home construction who helped them with their project.
Globe and Mail
Yet the latest report suggested home construction should continue to rise at least for the next few months.
Globe and Mail
Nor did he attempt to explain away the news that fourth-quarter growth had been hit hard by drops in home construction and car-industry output.
Times, Sunday Times
house construction
They illustrate every variety of modern house construction.
Times,Sunday Times
Labour has suggested that local authorities should be allowed to borrow money in order to finance house construction.
Times, Sunday Times
This principle should be a requirement for all new house construction.
Times, Sunday Times
This combined with a lack of investment in council house construction to cause a fall in the number of council houses available.
Times, Sunday Times
The government announced a series of legal changes to speed up house construction in its ambition to build a million new homes by 2020.
Times, Sunday Times
housing construction
Construction data showed strong growth in residential housing construction.
Times, Sunday Times (2014)
The Government has also said its policies are boosting housing construction.
Times, Sunday Times (2013)
There had also been less housing construction in the Newcastle area than in regions further south, such as Manchester, Liverpool and Leeds.
Times, Sunday Times (2008)
industrial construction
In the 1960s1970s, residential and industrial construction was carried out on a substantial scale.
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Large scale housing and industrial construction has been carried out in the city.
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He has designed a whole range of new industrial construction.
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Industrial construction provides engineering, construction and industrial plants maintenance.
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The war caused an economic shortage in industrial construction materials.
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method of construction
For him, the aesthetics of a piece of furniture should realise both its function and method of construction.
Times, Sunday Times
The method of construction of the two rounds allows them to be effective against both unarmored and armored targets.
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He decides to leave the village alone and use the more expensive and difficult method of construction.
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The method of construction, using rivets, was outdated.
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This method of construction provided a more rigid and, at the same time, lighter chassis than other sports cars of the time.
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mine construction
These include coal reserves in operating coal mines, in mines under construction, and in areas explored in detail for new mine construction.
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He tried a multitude of various career choices: entrepreneur, mine construction, and others.
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Mine construction began in 1997, with production commencing in 1999.
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The balconies are used for the circulation of the authorized personnel during the periodical inspection of the stability of the surfaces from the superior zone of the mine construction.
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Between 1955 and 1990 it provided about $2 billion to fifty mining projects, broadly categorized as reform and rehabilitation, greenfield mine construction, mineral processing, technical assistance, and engineering.
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modular construction
While some in the industry champion the disruptive power of modular construction, 80% of new homes are still built with bricks.
Times,Sunday Times
Off-site and modular construction, and the standardisation of design, also have their place.
Times, Sunday Times
Now it appears to be branching out into modular construction.
Times, Sunday Times
It's servo-driven and uses a six-axis, modular construction, designed for a variety of industrial applications.
Times, Sunday Times
Politicians like the fact that modular construction helps to smooth out the housing market's north-south divide.
Times, Sunday Times
new construction
The seemingly unbridled expansion of this former pearl-diving settlement was checked by the global financial crisis, and many of its new construction projects have stopped.
Times, Sunday Times (2010)
The housing market still seems to be getting worse, with sales falling faster than new construction, adding to the excess supply.
Times, Sunday Times (2008)
It has tightened bank credit and imposed curbs on new construction projects and foreign investment in property.
Times, Sunday Times (2006)
Economists warned that worse was to come, though, as new construction projects fail to realise.
Times, Sunday Times (2012)
Rising inventories of unsold homes have driven new construction to a 20- year low.
Times, Sunday Times (2007)
oversee construction
The retail giant plans to oversee construction of 2,000 homes in the next three years, equivalent to the output of a middle-ranking housebuilder.
Times, Sunday Times
The king appointed an engineer to oversee construction, and an inspector of roads and bridges, to be paid by the concessionary.
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Many engineers were brought in to oversee construction work on campus, all of whom refused to accept pay.
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He was still, however, paid the same salary but instead of working as principal, he would oversee construction renovations.
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Now those same officials who oversaw construction of the 13 billion dam admit that surrounding areas are paying a heavy, and potentially calamitous, environmental cost.
Times, Sunday Times
phase of construction
It has now secured $1.2 billion for the first phase of construction and started work on access roads.
Times, Sunday Times
The second phase of construction will run for two years from 2005 to 2007.
Globe and Mail
The last phase of construction probably dates to 1507 and measures 62 meters wide by 50 meters deep.
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The first phase of construction finished in 1867, 9 years later.
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He did not participate until the second phase of construction in the 1650s.
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pipeline construction
Pipeline construction could start as soon as summer 2003.
Houston Chronicle
The pipeline construction also aided the economy of the area.
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A frenzy of land purchases, drilling and pipeline construction followed.
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Pipeline construction methods at the time were crude in comparison to techniques developed during the mid-1900s.
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Following the granting of planning permission, local people started blockading the terminal site and compounds set up for pipeline construction.
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planned construction
Harlequins are looking to boost their commercial profile as they start working towards the planned construction of a 25,000-seat stadium.
Times, Sunday Times
To cut costs 90 staff were made redundant and the planned construction of a $600 million modern art wing was delayed.
Times, Sunday Times
Fish migration improvement projects have included the destruction of two dams in 2007 and the planned construction of two fish ladders in 2008.
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As of 2014, none of the planned construction has taken place.
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More improvements are in progress or expected as part of planned construction.
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plant construction
In 1990, however, construction was stopped as part of a moratorium on new plant construction.
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Still, the area of technology (industrial plant construction and ready-to-use industry) became increasingly important for the company.
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Plant construction began in 1950 with the first system for chemical surface treatment.
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It started out as a plant construction and services company.
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Further important branches of the economy are woodworking, plant construction, the hard-rock industry, packaging and automotive supply.
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rail construction
These might typically include road and rail construction.
Times, Sunday Times
It tends to cover projects such as road or rail construction with long lead times.
Times, Sunday Times
But in the late summer, state banks began to cut back on lending to rail construction projects, which reduced funding for existing railway projects.
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In 1988, the two agencies formed a third entity under which all rail construction would be consolidated.
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Their work led to standardization on the steel used in rail construction, ultimately improving railroad safety for the nation.
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residential construction
With an estimated 65 million homes standing vacant, residential construction last year was still running at a rate of five times demand.
The Times Literary Supplement
He said that the residential construction sector had been hard hit by the credit crisis and lending institutions became a lot more restrictive.
ST
The index showed that commercial construction and civil engineering grew, but that residential construction retreated for a second straight month.
Times, Sunday Times
The index also showed that readings for the residential construction sector were barely in growth territory.
Times, Sunday Times
It marked the lowest pace of residential construction since records began in 1959 and highlighted the continuing, severe slump in the market.
Times, Sunday Times
shoddy construction
Heavy rainfall last month, combined with shoddy construction, might be to blame.
Times, Sunday Times
They revealed the shoddy construction with the strong inference that corners were cut and money skimmed off the building project by local officials.
The Times Literary Supplement
Critics blamed the building's collapse on shoddy construction.
canada.com
Many people criticize panelks for their low design quality, mind-numbing appearance, second-rate construction materials and shoddy construction practices.
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Pontoon construction has been plagued by errors and shoddy construction.
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slow the construction of
They expect tightening credit to slow the construction of commercial buildings, hitherto a bright spot in a darkening picture.
Times, Sunday Times
They also denied that by artificially slowing the construction rate builders can reduce supply and therefore push prices up.
Times, Sunday Times
Funding and construction delays slowed the construction of the upgraded airfield facilities.
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steel construction
Smooth contours and a seamless all stainless steel construction offer the ultimate in hygiene.
Times, Sunday Times
The complex internal structure and the rapidly heating steel construction of vessels means that firefighters in our ports are specially trained to tackle ship fires.
Times,Sunday Times
It was created by dropping 71 steel construction beams randomly from a crane into a pit of wet cement.
Times, Sunday Times
The medium-priority industries include electronics, fisheries, chemicals and furniture, and low priorities include steel construction, oil and gas, telecoms, environmental services, water and medical.
Times, Sunday Times
The design achieves both strength and flexibility for the tower through the use of high-performance steel construction.
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sturdy construction
The type's sturdy construction was frequently demonstrated and the armament was effective.
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The allied fleet was outnumbered, but made up for it with ships which, on average, had superior firepower and heavier, more sturdy construction.
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His chairs were noted for their sturdy construction and durability.
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Nearby however, a steel-reinforced telephone exchange building received minimal damage, as a result of its sturdy construction.
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Despite the sturdy construction of the building, the interior was gutted.
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supervise the construction of
Reed would also supervise the construction of the ships for an honorarium of five percent of the construction cost.
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In 1738 a palace commission was set up to supervise the construction.
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On winning the competition (against seventy-one other entries) the four formed a partnership to prepare the detailed plans and supervise the construction.
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The district had its own architectural department and its own engineers to supervise the construction that it provided for its customers.
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He offered to supervise the construction of a reptile house, announcing that he already had plans for one.
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tunnel construction
Boasting a tunnel construction, it even has two separate bedrooms that can be removed to create a larger living space.
The Sun
During the tunnel construction, the tunneling team encountered five types of rock.
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Construction of an outlet tunnel through the slip, which commenced in 1935, required extensive grouting around the control structures and throughout tunnel construction.
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In response to concerns about the cost of the originally proposed tunnel construction, the city council created a scaled-down, four-lane hybrid tunnel option.
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Ultimately, a 23 mile-long project, with 17.4 miles of bridge and tunnel construction, was planned.
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Translations:
Chinese: 建筑
Japanese: 建設
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更新时间:2025/2/3 9:07:02