But special forces supporters insisted that he turned a scrappy civilian militia, with no logistics or chain of command, into a real fighting force.

Furthermore, a civilian-military intelligence apparatus was created, combining colonial and local staff, assisted by a civilian militia.

It also makes it easier for rebels or a civilian militia to attack and overthrow the prince.

Throughout the 19th century the institution of the organized civilian militia began to decline.

In land and naval combats it involved both regular forces and civilian militia on both sides.