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单词 circulate
释义
circulate
(sɜːʳkjʊleɪt )
Word forms: circulates , circulating , circulated
1. verb
If a piece of writing circulates or is circulated, copies of it are passed round among a group of people.
The document was previously circulated in New York at the United Nations. [be VERB-ed]
Public employees, teachers and liberals are circulating a petition for his recall. [VERB noun]
This year anonymous leaflets have been circulating in Beijing. [VERB]
Synonyms: spread, issue, publish, broadcast  
circulation (sɜːʳkjʊlʃən ) uncountable noun
...an inquiry into the circulation of 'unacceptable literature'. [+ of]
Synonyms: flow, circling, motion, rotation  
Synonyms: spread, distribution, transmission, dissemination  
2. verb
If something such as a rumour circulates or is circulated, the people in a place tell it to each other.
Rumours were already beginning to circulate that the project might have to be abandoned. [VERB]
I deeply resented those sort of rumours being circulated at a time of deeply personal grief. [be VERB-ed]
[Also VERB noun]
Synonyms: get around, spread, go around  
3. verb
When something circulates, it moves easily and freely within a closed place or system.
...a virus which circulates via the bloodstream and causes ill health in a variety of organs. [VERB]
Cooking odours can circulate throughout the entire house. [VERB]
[Also VERB preposition]
Synonyms: flow, revolve, rotate, radiate  
circulation uncountable noun
Use a fan to aid the circulation of air in the room. [+ of]
...the principle of free circulation of goods. [+ of]
Synonyms: flow, circling, motion, rotation  
Synonyms: spread, distribution, transmission, dissemination  
4. verb
If you circulate at a party, you move among the guests and talk to different people.
Let me get you something to drink, then I must circulate. [VERB]
Synonyms: mingle, socialize  
Collocations:
circulate a copy
To head off any complaints from members, you could circulate copies of the accounts ahead of their being approved and provide a forum for comments and feedback.
Times, Sunday Times
Sometimes they want to circulate copies of documents they create to several interested parties.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
He also thanked the file sharing community for circulating copies of his music, even though he lost some royalties.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
circulate a document
The documents circulated in advance of the meeting are a mixture of platitudes and clichés.
Times, Sunday Times
A document circulating on the internet, purporting to be an internal 'crisis strategy document', alleges that 744,000 bitcoins have gone missing, worth about $372 million.
Times, Sunday Times
This was a document circulating for two years.
Times, Sunday Times
Documents circulated to would-be investors claim that ¤330m (261m) has already been contributed.
Times, Sunday Times
The draft of the conference document circulating yesterday included 'guidelines' calling for rich industrialised countries to cut their emissions by between 25 and 40 per cent by 2020.
Times, Sunday Times
circulate a myth
But in designing his policies, the chancellor should be wary of accepting two powerful myths circulating about the 'productivity puzzle'.
Times, Sunday Times
There are also plenty of urban myths circulating on some websites and internet forums.
Times, Sunday Times
An urban myth circulates that such proceedings are best conducted face-to-face.
Times, Sunday Times
circulate a petition
Its prime goal was to circulate a petition, which received 6,000 signaturestwo thirds of the electorate.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Within a few months, they began circulating a petition for my resignation.
Christianity Today
Indeed, to many of his contemporaries he was something between foolish and frightening-the citizens of one town where he took up residence circulated a petition to have him expelled.
Christianity Today
She warned initiative sponsors that permission to circulate the petitions could be revoked unless the offensive activities stopped.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
His tenure as mayor was not without some criticism, as several political adversaries circulated a petition to have him recalled as mayor.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
circulate an idea
Instead, the members have circulated the idea that it would be unconventional.
Times, Sunday Times
Its software lets bosses of big companies air the problems they face electronically and workers anywhere in the business circulate their ideas about how best to solve them.
Times, Sunday Times
It enabled members to circulate their ideas to friends and supporters and provided a creative outlet for every member of their community.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
circulate freely
Air should be able to circulate freely, as this helps moisture evaporate.
Times, Sunday Times
So speaking different languages appears to provide a kind of tribal copyright protection for ideas that might otherwise circulate freely outside one's own society.
The Times Literary Supplement
In rear gardens, away from traffic, you can plant more densely, but make sure air can still circulate freely.
Times, Sunday Times
The rand continues to circulate freely in these countries.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Opposition newsletters and pamphlets criticizing the government circulate freely.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
circulate water
It constitutes the air that we breathe, protects us from lethal radiation from space, keeps the planet warm and helps to circulate water.
Times, Sunday Times
The property's original weatherboarded and tiled garden pavilion has panoramic valley views and, in the kitchen garden, a string of three ponds circulate water that flows down natural-stone waterfalls.
Times, Sunday Times
The fort has a system to circulate water around it for safety.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
These appendages move rhythmically to drive blood in and out of the lamellae and to circulate water over them.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Active systems use one or more pumps to circulate water and/or heating fluid in the system.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
circulate widely
His unassuming profile enables him to circulate widely throughout society and fulfill his position as spectator.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Gradually, duplicate cassette tapes of his songs began to circulate widely among collectors of outsider music.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The story was incorrect, and while it was quickly corrected it came to circulate widely.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
All copies were withdrawn, but the original image was circulating widely on the internet yesterday.
Times, Sunday Times
He said if the bug was circulating widely when people had flus and colds, it could be far more difficult to manage.
The Sun
Translations:
Chinese: 流传
Japanese: 広める/広まる
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更新时间:2024/9/20 0:28:13