The anode for the system can be either the vacuum chamber wall or a discrete anode.

The water level difference in the chamber can be measured at the damp alga vegetation of the left chamber wall (12,8m).

Warm water can be particularly useful on the chamber wall to drive off moisture that would cause product sticking on that wall.

Constituents of these gases condense on the (relatively cold) chamber wall.

Gases from the burning powder pressurize and expand the case to seal it against the chamber wall.