Now biologists are studying nerve cell function using nerve cells that have the light-activated channel controls from algae genetically engineered into them.

When players get out of the bath, blood rushes back to their legs, filling muscles with oxygen and promoting more efficient cell function.

But his pioneering experiments with tissue culture gave scientists a much greater understanding of organ and cell function.

It also increased insulin sensitivity by about 50%, improved insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and protect pancreatic beta cell function.

Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance.