Those at an advanced stage will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.

There is a lack of experienced bank managers in local regions who are able to build relationships with business owners and judge them on a case-by-case basis.

Building societies are also often open to assessing individuals on a case-by-case basis.

Now police and other crime-fighting agencies will have to apply to firms for data on a case-by-case basis.

But approaches and specifications will have to be designed, if only on a case-by-case basis.