Research has shown that virus antibodies wane rapidly, with the largest study finding that about a quarter of people do not test positive after six months.

Some research supports this association with one study finding no patrilineal society with low paternity confidence and no matrilineal society with high paternal certainty.

The researchers said that the study findings could be used to help treat cognitive deficits.

But such views of scientific neutrality are naive, as study findings, inevitably, are influenced by the biases of the people conducting the work.

A spokeswoman for the charity said that headlines often misrepresented 'extremely nuanced' study findings.