But he will have a demanding task providing strategic guidance to a company that has lurched from crisis to disappointment for 10 years.

Investment bankers are paid fees for advising clients on deals, providing everything from detailed financial analysis to giving confidential strategic guidance on what executives should do.

To get to radical or breakthrough innovation, the idea management system needs to indulge in some strategic guidance by issuing challenges (or campaigns or seeding).

Finally, in the case of major incidents, line 3 provides strategic guidance, group resource management, and government and media relations.