A country of the northwest Balkan Peninsula. It was a constituent republic of Yugoslavia from 1946 to 1991, when it declared its independence. In 1992 the country erupted in war among Serb, Bosniak, and Croat factions. A peace agreement was reached in November 1995 by Balkan leaders in Dayton, Ohio, which called for the creation of two substates, a Croat-Bosniak federation to govern one half of the country and a Bosnian Serb republic to constitute the other half, united under a newly created national presidency, assembly, court, and central bank.