| 单词 | rough | 
| 释义 | rough    (rŭf)adj.  rough·er, rough·est  1.  a.  Having a surface marked by irregularities, protuberances, or ridges; not smooth: planed the board so it was no longer rough. b.  Coarse or shaggy to the touch: a rough scratchy blanket. 2.  a.  Difficult to travel over or through: the rough terrain of the highlands. b.  Characterized by violent motion; turbulent: rough waters. c.  Difficult to endure or live through, especially because of harsh or inclement weather: a rough winter. d.  Unpleasant or difficult: had a rough time during the exam. 3.  a.  Characterized by or done with violence or forcefulness: a sport noted for rough play; a package that received rough handling. b.  Boisterous, disorderly, or given to violence: ran with a rough crowd. c.  Characterized by violence or crime: lives in a rough neighborhood. d.  Lacking polish or finesse: rough manners. 4.  Harsh to the ear: a rough raspy sound. 5.  Being in a natural state: rough diamonds. 6.  Not perfected, completed, or fully detailed: a rough drawing; rough carpentry. n. 1.  The surface or part of something that is uneven or coarse: felt the rough of his chin. 2.  a.  Rugged overgrown terrain. b.  Sports   The area of a golf hole in which the grass is left unmowed or is cut to a length longer than that of the fairway. 3.  a.  A disorderly, unrefined, or unfinished state. b.  A difficult or disagreeable aspect or condition of something: observed politics in the rough when working as an intern on Capitol Hill. 4.  A person given to violent or disorderly behavior; a rowdy. tr.v.  roughed, rough·ing, roughs  1.  a.  To treat roughly or with physical violence: roughed up his opponent. b.  Sports   To treat (an opposing player) with unnecessary roughness, often in violation of the rules: was ejected from the game for roughing the passer. 2.  To prepare or indicate in an unfinished form: rough out a house plan. adv. Idiom:  In a rough manner; roughly: The engine began to run rough and faltered.  rough it  To live without the usual comforts and conveniences: roughed it in a small hunting shack. [Middle English, from Old English rūh.] rougher n. roughly adv. roughness n.  roughleft: rough jade right: polished jade  | 
	
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