英语词汇“Indo-European root: sker-”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词

Indo-European root: sker-

释义

‌‌sker-¹
Also ker-.
To cut.
Derivatives include shears, scabbard, skirmish, carnage, sharp, scrape, and screw.

Basic form *sker‑, *ker‑.
1. 1. shear, from Old English scieran, sceran, to cut;
  2. sheer¹, from Low German scheren, to move to and fro, and Dutch scheren, to withdraw, depart. Both a and b from Germanic *skeran.
2. 1. share², from Old English scēar, plowshare;
  2. share¹, from Old English scearu, scaru, portion, division (but recorded only in the sense of "fork of the body," "tonsure"). Both a and b from Germanic *skeraz.
3. 1. shear, from Old English scēar, scissors, from Germanic *skēr-ō and *sker-ez‑;
  2. compound *skēr-berg‑, "sword protector," scabbard (*berg‑, protector; see bhergh-¹). scabbard, from Old French escauberc, scabbard, possibly from a Germanic source akin to Old High German scarberc, scabbard. Both a and b from Germanic *skēr‑.
4. score, from Old Norse skor, notch, tally, twenty, from Germanic *skur‑.
5. scar², skerry, from Old Norse sker, low reef (< "something cut off"), from Germanic suffixed form *skar-jam.
6. Suffixed o-grade extended form *skorp-o‑. scarf², from Old Norse skarfr, diagonally-cut end of a board, from Germanic *skarfaz.
7. Suffixed o-grade extended form *skord-o‑. shard, from Old English sceard, a cut, notch, from Germanic *skardaz.
8. Extended form *skerd‑ in suffixed zero-grade form *skr̥d-o‑.
  1. short, from Old English scort, sceort, "cut," short;
  2. shirt, from Old English scyrte, skirt (< "cut piece");
  3. skirt, from Old Norse skyrta, shirt. a-c all from Germanic *skurtaz.
9. 1. Scaramouch, scrimmage, skirmish, from Old French eskermir, to fight with a sword, fence, and Old Italian scaramuccia, skirmish, from a source akin to Old High German skirmen, to protect;
  2. screen, from Middle Dutch scherm, shield. Both a and b from Germanic extended form *skerm‑.
10. Variant form *kar‑. carnage, carnal, carnassial, carnation, carnival, carrion, caruncle, charnel, crone; carne asada, carnivorous, carnosaur, charcuterie, incarnate, from Latin carō (stem carn‑), flesh.
11. Suffixed o-grade form *kor-yo‑. coriaceous, corium, cuirass, currier; excoriate, from Latin corium, leather (originally "piece of hide").
12. Suffixed zero-grade form *kr̥-to‑. curt, curtal, kirtle, from Latin curtus, short.
13. Suffixed o-grade form *kor-mo‑. corm, from Greek kormos, a trimmed tree trunk.
14. Suffixed o-grade form *kor-i‑. coreopsis, from Greek koris, bedbug (< "cutter").
15. Suffixed zero-grade form *skr̥-ā‑. shore¹, from Old English scora, shore, from Germanic *skur-ō.
Extended roots *skert‑, *kert‑.
1. Zero-grade form *kr̥t‑ or o-grade form *kort‑. cortex; decorticate, from Latin cortex, bark (< "that which can be cut off").
2. Suffixed form *kert-snā‑. cenacle, from Latin cēna, meal (< "portion of food").
Extended root *skerp‑. scurf, probably from a Scandinavian source akin to Old English sceorf, scab, scurf, from Germanic *skerf‑.
Extended root *skerb(h)‑, *skreb(h)‑.
1. 1. sharp, from Old English scearp, sharp;
  2. scarp, from Italian scarpa, embankment, possibly from a Germanic source akin to Gothic skarpō, pointed object. Both a and b from Germanic *skarpaz, cutting, sharp.
2. 1. scrap¹, from Old Norse skrap, "pieces," remains;
  2. scrape, from Old Norse skrapa, to scratch. Both a and b from Germanic *skrap‑.
3. 1. scrabble, from Middle Dutch schrabben, to scrape;
  2. scrub¹, from Middle Dutch schrobben, to scrape. Both a and b from Germanic *skrab‑.
4. shrub¹, from Old English scrybb, shrub (< "rough plant"), from Germanic *skrub‑.
5. scrobiculate, from Latin scrobis, trench, ditch.
6. screw, scrofula, from Latin scrōfa, a sow (< "rooter, digger").
Extended root *(s)kers‑. bias, from Greek epikarsios, at an angle (epi‑, at; see epi), from suffixed zero-grade form *kr̥s-yo‑.

[Pokorny 4. (s)ker‑, Section I. 938.]

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