英语词汇“Indo-European root: pleu-”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词

Indo-European root: pleu-

释义

‌‌pleu-
To flow.
Derivatives include pulmonary, Pluto, flow, fowl, flutter, and fluster.

Basic form *pleu‑.
1. plover, pluvial, pluvious, from Latin pluere, to rain.
2. pleopod, from Greek plein (< *plewein), to swim.
3. pleuston, from Greek pleusis, sailing.
4. Suffixed zero-grade form *plu-elos. pyelitis, from Greek dissimilated puelos, trough, basin.
5. Suffixed form *pl(e)u-mon‑, "floater," lung(s).
  1. pulmonary, from Latin pulmō (< *plumonēs), lung(s);
  2. pneumo-, pneumonia, pneumonic, from Greek pleumōn, pneumōn (influenced by pneuma, breath; see pneu-), lung.
6. Suffixed o-grade form *plou-to‑. Pluto; plutocracy, from Greek ploutos, wealth, riches (< "overflowing").
7. Lengthened o-grade form *plō(u)‑.
  1. 1. flow, from Old English flōwan, to flow;
    2. perhaps Middle Dutch vluwe, fishnet flue², Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic *flōwan, to flow.
  2. suffixed form *plō-tu‑. flood, from Old English flōd, flood, from Germanic *flōduz, flowing water, deluge.
Extended form *pleuk‑.
1. fly¹, from Old English flēogan, to fly, from Germanic *fleugan, to fly.
2. fly², from Old English flēoge, a fly, from Germanic *fleugōn‑, flying insect, fly.
3. Probably Germanic *fleuhan, to run away. flee, from Old English flēon, to flee.
4. fley, from Old English flȳgan, flēgan, to put to flight, from Germanic causative *flaugjan.
5. flèche, fletcher, from Old French fleche, arrow, from Germanic suffixed form *fleug-ika.
6. Zero-grade form *pluk‑.
  1. fledge, from Old English *flycge, with feathers (only in unfligge, featherless), from Germanic *flugja‑, feather;
  2. flight¹, flight², from Old English flyht, act of flying, and *flyht, act of fleeing, escape, from Germanic suffixed form *flug-ti‑;
  3. fowl, from Old English fugol, bird, from Germanic *fuglaz, bird, dissimilated from possible (but unlikely) suffixed form *flug-laz;
  4. flugelhorn, fugleman, from Middle High German vlügel, wing, from Germanic suffixed form *flug-ilaz.
Extended form *pleud‑.
1. fleet¹, fleet², from Old English flēotan, to float, swim (from Germanic *fleutan), and Old Norse fljōtr, fleet, swift (from Germanic *fleutaz).
2. Zero-grade form *plud‑.
  1. 1. float, from Old English flotian, to float;
    2. flotsam, from Old French floter, to float. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic derivative *flotōn, to float.
  2. flotilla, from Old Norse floti, raft, fleet;
  3. flutter, from Old English floterian, flotorian, to float back and forth (-erian, iterative and frequentative suffix);
  4. flit, from Old Norse flytja, to further, convey, from Germanic *flutjan, to float. a-d all from Germanic *flut‑, *flot‑.
3. fluster, probably from a Scandinavian source akin to Icelandic flaustr, hurry, and flaustra, to bustle, from Germanic *flausta‑, contracted from suffixed form *flaut-stā‑, probably from *pleud‑, o-grade *ploud‑.

[Pokorny pleu‑ 835, pl(e)u-mon‑ 837.]

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