英语词汇“Indo-European root: per-”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词

Indo-European root: per-

释义

‌‌per-²
To lead, pass over. A verbal root belonging to the group of per¹.
Derivatives include fjord, welfare, emporium, opportune, important, and sport.

Full-grade form *per‑.
1. Suffixed form *per-tu‑. firth, fjord, from Old Norse fjördhr, an inlet, estuary, from Germanic *ferthuz, place for crossing over, ford.
2. Suffixed form *per-onā‑. peroneal, from Greek peronē, pin of a brooch, buckle (< "that which pierces through").
3. Suffixed form *per-yo‑. diapir, from Greek peirein, to pierce.
4. Suffixed form *per-trā‑. petro-, petrous, pier; parsley, petrify, petroleum, saltpeter, from Greek petrā, cliff, rock (dissimilated from *pertrā‑), with possible earlier meaning "bedrock" (< "what one comes through to").
5. Suffixed form *per-wr̥, *per-wn̥‑, bedrock, "a coming through, what one comes through to," and derived adjective *per-wn̥-to‑, rocky. Parvati, from Sanskrit parvataḥ, mountain.
O-grade form *por‑.
1. 1. 1. fare; warfare, wayfarer, wayfaring, welfare, from Old English faran, to go on a journey, get along;
    2. fieldfare, from Old English feldeware, possibly altered by folk etymology in Old English from an earlier *feldefare, from *fare, a goer, from faran (see (i) above).
  2. gaberdine, from Old High German faran, to go, travel;
  3. fartlek, from Old Norse fara, to go, move. a-c all from Germanic *faran, to go.
2. Suffixed form *por-o‑, passage, journey. pore²; aporia, emporium, poromeric, from Greek poros, journey, passage.
3. Suffixed (causative) form *por-eyo‑, to cause to go, lead, conduct.
  1. ferry, from Old English ferian, to transport, from Germanic *farjan, to ferry;
  2. guar, wallah, from Sanskrit pārayati, pālayati, he leads across, brings to safety.
4. Lengthened-grade form *pōr‑.
  1. fere, from Old English (ge)fēra, "fellow-traveler," companion (ge‑, together, with; see kom), from Germanic suffixed form *fōr-ja‑;
  2. führer, from Old High German fuoren, to lead, from Germanic suffixed (causative) form *fōr-jan.
5. Possibly suffixed form *por-no‑, feather, wing (< "that which carries a bird in flight").
  1. fern, from Old English fearn, fern (having feathery fronds), from Germanic *farnō, feather, leaf;
  2. paan, from Sanskrit parṇam, leaf, feather.
Zero-grade form *pr̥‑.
1. Suffixed form *pr̥-tu‑, passage.
  1. ford, from Old English ford, shallow place where one may cross a river, from Germanic *furdu‑;
  2. port¹; importune, opportune, passport, from Latin portus, harbor (< "passage").
2. Suffixed form *pr̥-tā‑. porch, port³, portal, portcullis, porter², portico, portière, portulaca, purslane, from Latin porta, gate.
3. Suffixed (denominative) form *pr̥-to‑. port⁵, portable, portage, portamento, portative, porter¹; comport, deport, export, import, important, portfolio, purport, rapport, report, sport, support, transport, from Latin portāre, to carry.

[Pokorny 2. B. per 816.]

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