| 释义 |
mer-
To rub away, harm.
Derivatives include nightmare, morsel, morbid, mortal, mortgage, and ambrosia.- nightmare, from Old English mare, mære, goblin, incubus, from Germanic *marōn‑, goblin.
- marasmus; amaranth, from Greek marainein, to waste away, wither.
- Perhaps suffixed o-grade form *mor-i‑ in Old Irish fomoire, fomoir, Fomorian, perhaps from earlier *wo-mor-i‑, sinister supernatural being (*wo‑ under; < *upo‑; see upo): Fomorian.
- Probably suffixed zero-grade form *mr̥-to‑, "ground down." mortar, from Latin mortārium, mortar.
- Possibly extended root *merd‑. mordacious, mordant, mordent, morsel; premorse, remorse, from Latin mordēre, to bite.
- Possibly suffixed form *mor-bho‑. morbid, from Latin morbus, disease (but this is more likely of unknown origin).
- Possibly the same root is *mer‑, "to die," with derivatives referring to death and to human beings as subject to death.
- Zero-grade form *mr̥‑.
- Suffixed form *mr̥-tro‑. murder, from Old English morthor, murder, from Germanic suffixed form *mur-thra‑;
- suffixed form *mr̥-ti‑. mort1, mortal; amortize, mortify, postmortem, from Latin mors (stem mort‑), death;
- suffixed form *mr̥-yo‑. moribund, mortgage, mortmain, mortuary, murrain, from Latin morī, to die, with irregular past participle mortuus (< *mr̥-two‑), replacing older *mr̥-to‑ (for which see d);
- prefixed and suffixed form *n̥-mr̥-to‑, "undying, immortal." *n̥‑, negative prefix; see ne)
- immortal, from Latin immortālis;
- ambrosia, from Greek ambrotos, immortal, divine(a‑ + -mbrotos, brotos, mortal);
- amrita, from Sanskrit amṛtam, immortality (a‑ + mṛta‑, dead).
- Suffixed o-grade form *mor-t-yo‑. manticore, from Greek mantikhōras (corrupted from marti(o)khōras), manticore, probably from Iranian compound *martiya-khvāra‑, "man-eater" (*khvāra‑, eating; see swel-), from Old Persian martiya‑, a mortal man.
[Pokorny 4. mer‑, 5. mer‑ 735.] |
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