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单词 Indo-European root: mer-
释义
‌‌mer-
To rub away, harm.
Derivatives include nightmare, morsel, morbid, mortal, mortgage, and ambrosia.
    1. nightmare, from Old English mare, mære, goblin, incubus, from Germanic *marōn‑, goblin.
    2. marasmus; amaranth, from Greek marainein, to waste away, wither.
    3. Perhaps suffixed o-grade form *mor-i‑ in Old Irish fomoire, fomoir, Fomorian, perhaps from earlier *wo-mor-i‑, sinister supernatural being (*wo‑ under; < *upo‑; see upo): Fomorian.
    4. Probably suffixed zero-grade form *mr̥-to‑, "ground down." mortar, from Latin mortārium, mortar.
    5. Possibly extended root *merd‑. mordacious, mordant, mordent, morsel; premorse, remorse, from Latin mordēre, to bite.
    6. Possibly suffixed form *mor-bho‑. morbid, from Latin morbus, disease (but this is more likely of unknown origin).
  1. Possibly the same root is *mer‑, "to die," with derivatives referring to death and to human beings as subject to death.
    1. Zero-grade form *mr̥‑.
      1. Suffixed form *mr̥-tro‑. murder, from Old English morthor, murder, from Germanic suffixed form *mur-thra‑;
      2. suffixed form *mr̥-ti‑. mort1, mortal; amortize, mortify, postmortem, from Latin mors (stem mort‑), death;
      3. suffixed form *mr̥-yo‑. moribund, mortgage, mortmain, mortuary, murrain, from Latin morī, to die, with irregular past participle mortuus (< *mr̥-two‑), replacing older *mr̥-to‑ (for which see d);
      4. prefixed and suffixed form *n̥-mr̥-to‑, "undying, immortal." *n̥‑, negative prefix; see ne)
        1. immortal, from Latin immortālis;
        2. ambrosia, from Greek ambrotos, immortal, divine(a‑ + -mbrotos, brotos, mortal);
        3. amrita, from Sanskrit amṛtam, immortality (a‑ + mṛta‑, dead).
    2. Suffixed o-grade form *mor-t-yo‑. manticore, from Greek mantikhōras (corrupted from marti(o)khōras), manticore, probably from Iranian compound *martiya-khvāra‑, "man-eater" (*khvāra‑, eating; see swel-), from Old Persian martiya‑, a mortal man.
[Pokorny 4. mer‑, 5. mer‑ 735.]
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更新时间:2025/3/22 19:46:27