| 释义 |
es-
To be. Oldest form *h1es‑, zero-grade *h1s‑.
Derivatives include yes, soothe, sin1, essence, absent, and proud.- Athematic first person singular form *es-mi. am, from Old English eam, eom, am, from Germanic *izm(i).
- Athematic third person singular form *es-ti. is, from Old English is, is, from Germanic *ist(i).
- Optative stem *sī‑. yes, from Old English gēse, yes, from sīe, may it be (so) (gēa, yea; see i-), from Germanic *sijai‑.
- Suffixed zero-grade (participial) form *h1s-ont‑, becoming *sont‑, being, existing, hence real, true.
- sooth, soothe, from Old English sōth, true, from Germanic *santhaz;
- suffixed (collective) zero-grade form *sn̥t-yā‑, "that which is." sin1, from Old English synn, sin, from Germanic *sun(d)jō, sin (< "it is true," "the sin is real");
- suttee; bodhisattva, Satyagraha, from Sanskrit sat‑, sant‑, existing, true, virtuous.
- Basic form *es‑. entity, essence; abessive, absent, adessive, essive, improve, inessive, interest, ossia, present1, present2, proud, quintessence, represent, stover, from Latin esse, to be.
- Basic form *es‑. -ont, onto-; -biont, Homoiousian, Parousia, schizont, from Greek einai (present participle ont‑, being), to be (in pareinai, to be present).
- Suffixed form *es-ti‑. swastika, from Sanskrit svasti, well-being (su‑, good; see (e)su-).
[Pokorny es‑ 340.]
See also extension (e)su-. |
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