| 释义 |
deik-
To show, pronounce solemnly; also in derivatives referring to the directing of words or objects. Oldest form *deik̑‑, becoming *deik‑ in centum languages.
Derivatives include teach, toe, addict, preach, judge, revenge, and disk.- Variant *deig‑.
- O-grade form *doig‑.
- teach, from Old English tǣcan, to show, instruct, from Germanic *taikjan, to show;
- token, from Old English tācen, tācn, sign, mark;
- betoken, from Old English tācnian, to signify;
- tetchy, from Gothic taikns, sign;
- tachisme, from Old French tache, teche, mark, stain. (i)-(iv) all from Germanic *taiknam.
- Zero-grade form *dig‑. digit, from Latin digitus, finger (< "pointer," "indicator").
- Basic form *deik‑.
- Possibly o-grade form *doik‑. toe, from Old English tā, tahe, toe, from Germanic *taihwō.
- Basic form *deik‑. dictate, diction, dictum, ditto, ditty; addict, benediction, condition, contradict, edict, fatidic, herb bennet, indict, indiction, indite, interdict, juridical, jurisdiction, maledict, malison, predict, valediction, verdict, veridical, voir dire, from Latin dīcere, to say, tell.
- Suffixed zero-grade form *dik-ā‑. abdicate, dedicate, preach, predicament, predicate, from Latin dicāre, to proclaim.
- Agential suffix *-dik‑.
- index, indicate, from Latin index, indicator, forefinger (in‑, toward; see en);
- judge, judicial; prejudice, from Latin iūdex (< *yewes-dik‑), judge, "one who shows or pronounces the law" (iūs, law; see yewes-);
- vendetta, vindicate; avenge, revenge, from Latin vindex (first element obscure), surety, claimant, avenger.
- deictic, deixis; apodictic, paradigm, policy2, from Greek deiknunai, to show, and noun deigma (*deik-mn̥), sample, pattern.
- Zero-grade form *dik‑. disk; dictyosome, from suffixed form *dik-skos, from Greek dikein, to throw (< "to direct an object").
- Form *dikā‑. dicast; syndic, theodicy, from Greek dikē, justice, right, court case.
[Pokorny deik̑‑ 188.] |
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