英语词汇“Indo-European root: ar-”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词

Indo-European root: ar-

释义

‌‌ar-
Also arə-.
To fit together. Oldest form *h₂erh₁‑, colored to *h₂arh₁‑, with variant *h₂reh₁‑, becoming *rē‑.
Derivatives include army, harmony, inert, aristocracy, adorn, hatred, rite, arithmetic, and rhyme.

Basic form *arə.
1. Suffixed form ar(ə)-mo‑.
  1. arm¹, from Old English earm, arm, from Germanic *armaz;
  2. ambry, arm², armada, armadillo, armature, armoire, army; alarm, disarm, gendarme, from Latin arma, tools, arms;
  3. armillary sphere, from Latin armus, upper arm.
2. Suffixed form *ar(ə)-smo‑. harmony, from Greek harmos, joint, shoulder.
3. Suffixed form *ar(ə)-ti‑.
  1. art¹, artisan, artist; inert, inertia, from Latin ars (stem art‑), art, skill, craft;
  2. further suffixed form *ar(ə)-ti-o‑. artiodactyl, from Greek artios, fitting, even.
4. Suffixed form *ar(ə)-tu‑. article, from Latin artus, joint.
5. Suffixed form *ar(ə)-to‑. coarctate, from Latin artus, tight.
6. Suffixed form *ar(ə)-dhro‑. arthro-; anarthrous, diarthrosis, dysarthria, enarthrosis, synarthrosis, from Greek arthron, joint.
7. Suffixed (superlative) form *ar(ə)-isto‑. aristocracy, from Greek aristos, best.
Possibly suffixed lengthened o-grade form (or separate root) *ōrə-dh‑.
1. ordain, order, ordinal, ordinance, ordinary, ordinate, ordo; coordination, inordinate, subordinate, from Latin ōrdō, order (originally a row of threads in a loom).
2. exordium, primordial, from Latin ōrdīrī, to begin to weave.
3. ornament, ornate; adorn, suborn, from Latin ōrnāre, to adorn.
Variant *rē‑ (< earlier *h₂reh₁‑).
1. rate¹, ratio, ration, reason; arraign, from Latin rērī, to consider, confirm, ratify.
2. Suffixed form *rē-dh‑.
  1. 1. read, rede; dread, from Old English rǣdan, to advise;
    2. hatred, kindred, from Old English rǣden, -rǣden, condition. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic *rēdan.
  2. 1. rathskeller, from Old High German rāt, counsel;
    2. riddle², from Old English rǣdels(e), opinion, riddle. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic *rēdaz.
3. Zero-grade form *rə‑. Germanic *radam, number, in dialectal North and West Germanic compound *hund(a)-rada‑ (see dekm̥).
Variant root form *h₂reh₁i‑, with zero-grades *h₂rh₁i‑ and (metathesized) *h₂rih₁‑, the latter contracted to *rī‑.
1. Suffixed metathesized zero-grade form *rī-tu‑. rite, from Latin rītus, rite, custom, usage.
2. Suffixed unmetathesized zero-grade form *ərəi-dhmo‑. arithmetic, logarithm, from Greek arithmos, number, amount.
3. rhyme, from a Germanic source akin to Old High German rīm, number, series.

[Pokorny 1. ar‑ 55.]

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