| 释义 |
aiw-
Also ayu-.
Vital force, life, long life, eternity; also "endowed with the acme of vital force, young." Oldest forms *h2eiw‑, *h2eyu‑, colored to *h2aiw‑, *h2ayu‑.
Derivatives include no1, ever, medieval, age, and eon.- no1, from Old English ā, ever;
- aught1, from Old English āwiht, āuht, anything, "ever a creature";
- ever; every, never, from Old English ǣfre (second element obscure), ever;
- aye2; nay, from Old Norse ei, ever. a, c, and d all from extended Germanic form *aiwi; b from Germanic *aiwi + *wihti, "ever a thing, anything" (*wihti‑, thing; see wekti-).
- Suffixed form *aiw-ā‑. echt, from Middle Low German echte, true, legitimate, akin to Old High German ēohaft, according to custom, from ēwa, custom, right (< "what is eternal, what endures") + -haft, having (a characteristic) (see kap-).
- Suffixed form *aiw-o‑. coeval, longevity, medieval, primeval, from Latin aevum, age, eternity;
- further suffixed form *aiwo-tā(ti)‑. age; coetaneous, from Latin aetās (stem aetāti‑), age;
- further suffixed form *aiwo-t-erno‑. eternal, eterne, eternity; sempiternal, from Latin aeternus, eternal.
- Suffixed form *aiw-en‑. eon, from Greek aiōn, age, vital force.
- Zero-grade form *yu‑ (earlier *h2yu‑) in compound *h2yu-gwih3-es‑, "having a vigorous life" (*gwih3-es‑, life; see gwei-). hygiene, from Greek hugiēs, healthy.
- O-grade form *oyu‑ (earlier *h2oyu‑).
- utopia, from Greek ou, not, variant of ouk, probably from a pre-Greek phrase *(ne) oyu (kwid), "(not on your) life" (ne, not, and *kwid, finite pronoun used as emphasizing particle; see ne, kwo-);
- Ayurveda, from Sanskrit āyuḥ, life, health, from suffixed form *oyu-s‑.
[Pokorny aiu̯‑ 17.]
See also derivative yeu-. |
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