| 释义 |
▪ I. decant, v.1|dɪˈkænt|
[a. F. décanter, ad. med.L. dēcanthāre (a word of the alchemists), f. dē- down + canthus the angular beak or ‘lip’ of a cup or jug, a transferred use of Gr. κάνθος corner of the eye (Darmesteter).]
a. trans. To pour off (the clear liquid of a solution) by gently inclining the vessel so as not to disturb the lees or sediment; esp. in Chem. as a means of separating a liquid from a precipitate.
1633Wotton Let. in Rem. 454 (T.) Decant from it [the vessel] the clear juice. 1666Boyle Orig. Formes & Qual., Having carefully decanted the Solution into a conveniently siz'd Retort. 1779Fordyce in Phil. Trans. LXX. 32 Decant the fluid from the copper and iron with great care into another bason, so that..none of the copper be carried along with it. 1863–72Watts Dict. Chem. s.v. Decantation, It is only.. from very heavy precipitates that a liquid can be thus decanted. (fig.) 1872O. W. Holmes Poet Breakf.-t. iv. 121 If you are not decanted off from yourself every few days or weeks.
b. To pour (wine, etc.) from the ordinary bottle in which it is kept in the cellar into a decanter for use at table; also, loosely, to pour out (wine, ale, etc.) into a drinking vessel.
1730Swift Poems, Market-hill 23 Attend him daily as their chief, Decant his wine, and carve his beef. 1789Mrs. Piozzi Journ. France II. 35 Some of their wine already decanted for use. 1815Scott Guy M. xxii, A sign, where a tankard of ale voluntarily decanted itself into a tumbler. 1873Mrs. Alexander The Wooing o't ix, Claret..ah, you decant it, that is a good sign.
c. transf. To pour or empty out (as from or into a decanter).
1742Young Nt. Th. iii. 339 O'er our palates to decant Another vintage? 1823Blackw. Mag. XIV. 586 He..used to have eighty pails of water decanted over him daily. 1871M. Collins Mrq. & Merch. II. vi. 162 All the vegetables in the world are decanted into Covent Garden. 1915J. Buchan 39 Steps vii. 171, I was decanted at Crewe..and had to wait till six to get a train for Birmingham. 1925Wodehouse Carry On, Jeeves! ii. 46 The nurse..got up with the baby and decanted it into a perambulator. 1959T. S. Eliot Elder Statesman ii. 47 Let's hope this [conversation] was merely the concoction Which she decants for every newcomer.
Hence deˈcanted ppl. a.
1788Cavendish in Phil. Trans. LXXVIII. 169 The decanted and undecanted parts. 1793Beddoes Sea Scurvy 91 The decanted water is to be boiled down.
▪ II. † deˈcant, v.2 Obs.
[ad. L. dēcantā-re: see next.]
= decantate v. Hence deˈcanted ppl. a.
[1546O. Johnson in Ellis Orig. Lett. ii. II. 176 Dr. Crome's canting, recanting, decanting, or rather double canting.] 1674Blount Glossogr. (ed. 4), Decant, to report or speak often, to sing, to enchant. 1711Forbes in M. P. Brown Suppl. Dec. (1824) V. 79 Therefore this decanted notion, of a popular action, can never found a title in this country. |