| 释义 |
stative, a. and n.|ˈsteɪtɪv|
[ad. L. statīv-us, f. stat- ppl. stem of stāre to stand. Cf. F. † statif (16–17th c.), also G. stativ n., stand for a telescope, etc.]
A. adj.
1. Stationary, fixed, having a permanent situation, a fixed recurring date, or the like. Now only Rom. Antiq. in stative camp, etc.
a1631[Sir R. Cotton] Disc. Power Peers, etc. (1640) 2 In the Rolles of Henry the 3. It [Generale Placitum apud London] is not stative, but summoned by Proclamation. 1631R. Byfield Doctr. Sabb. 81 Macrobius saith, there are foure kindes of publike holy-dayes.., Stative, Conceptive, [etc.]. 1816Scott Antiq. iv, They are stative forts, whereas this was only an occasional encampment. 1856Merivale Rom. Emp. xlv. (1865) V. 338 Rome was the proper sphere of his business and duty,..the stative camp of the warrior nation.
†2. That stands or continues in a certain state. Obs.
1643R. O. Man's Mortality vi. 47 It incur'd this Absurditie, that the Soules of the Damned shall not perish, but stand as well as the Stative Angels.
3. Orig. (in Hebrew Gram.) an epithet of verbs which express a state or condition. [= mod.L. verba stativa.] Now also applied to languages other than Hebrew, to sentences, and to words other than verbs.
1874A. B. Davidson Introd. Hebr. Gram. 47 The term stative verbs, i.e. verbs of state, is used by some grammarians. Ibid., The class of stative verbs is very numerous. 1913C. T. Wood & Lanchester Hebr. Gram. 69 Stative Verbs are a class of verbs, usually intransitive, which express a state or condition. 1930F. R. Blake in J. T. Hatfield et al. Curme Vol. Linguistic Stud. 38 All temporal and locative relations have theoretically three aspects, a stative indicating existence or rest at a time or place (time when, place where), an ablative indicating continuance or motion from a time or place.., and a terminal indicating continuance or motion to a time or place. 1939L. H. Gray Foundations of Lang. vii. 202 The stative verb expresses ‘the state of being in a certain condition’. 1964Language XL. 78 Stative verbs occur with the nasal simulfix and typically with stative prefixes. 1967Fenn & Tewksbury Speak Mandarin 3 The stative sentence consists of a subject and a stative verb. 1970Language XLVI. 830 English adjectives, much like English verbs, seem to divide into stative and active ones. 1979Trans. Philol. Soc. 230 A fundamental distinction exists in Abkhaz between stative and non-stative (or dynamic) verbs.
B. n. Orig. (in Hebr. Gram.) a stative verb. Now also applied to languages other than Hebrew, and to words other than verbs.
1874Driver Tenses Hebr. §11. 12 To the verbs already cited may be added..the following, which are selected from the list given by Böttcher..: by this grammarian they are not inaptly termed verba stativa or ‘statives’. 1913C. T. Wood & Lanchester Hebr. Gram. 67 Chapter xv. A. Tenses—Perfect Qal—Statives. 1966J. E. Buse in C. E. Bazell In Memory of J. R. Firth 54 These constraints may be used to divide full⁓words into the four sub-classes of verb, stative, noun and negative. 1973Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics XVIII. 103 In order to explain the possessive function of statives and the limitations of this function in Sechelt, it is necessary to consider a cross-section of occurrences of this verbal aspect and to define its semantic range.
Hence staˈtivity nonce-wd.
1871Cayley Math. Papers (1895) VIII. 213 What may be termed the ‘stativity’ of the curve.
Add: ˈstatively adv.
1976J. S. Gruber Lexical Struct. Syntax & Semantics i. vi. 162 John remains in the room in order to see who arrives. In the..sentence above we have remain being used statively, treating John as an inanimate object. 1988Platt & Ho in English World-Wide IX. 72 Is it possible that..Singaporean Chinese are more inclined not to mark past tense on verbs used statively or non-punctually, at least in their spoken English? |