| 释义 |
davit Naut.|ˈdævɪt, ˈdeɪvɪt|
Forms: 4 daviot, 5 daviott, devette, dyvette, 7 dauid, -yd, -ed, 7– davit.
[Formerly also David, and app. an application of that Christian name, as in the case of other machines and tools. Cf. F. davier, the name of several tools, etc., altered from daviet (Rabelais) = Daviet, dim. of OF. Davi David; the tool was still called david by joiners in the 17th c. (Hatzfeld and Darmesteter).]
1. a. A curved piece of timber or iron with a roller or sheave at the end, projecting from a ship's bow, and used as a crane to hoist the flukes of the anchor without injuring the side of the vessel; a fish-davit. b. One of a pair of cranes on the side or stern of a ship, fitted with sheaves and pulleys for suspending or lowering a boat.
[1373in Norman-Fr. Indenture in Riley Lond. Mem. 370 (transl.), 30 ores, 1 daviot, for the same boat.] 1485Naval Accts. Hen. VII (1896) 40 Daviott for the bote. Ibid. 49 Daviottes in the ffore castell. 1495Ibid. 193 Devettes with a shyver of yron. Ibid., Dyvettes with a colke of brasse. 1622R. Hawkins Voy. S. Sea (1847) 188 His boate fitted with..tholes, dauyd, windles, and other. 1626Capt. Smith Accid. Yng. Seamen 12 The forecastle, or prow..the fish-hooke, a loufe-hooke, and the blocke at the Dauids ende. 1627― Seaman's Gram. ii. 10 The Dauid..is put out betwixt the Cat and the Loufe, and to be remoued when you please. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 125 Bitts, Catheads and Davits. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1776) s.v., The davit..is employed to fish the anchor. 1820Scoresby Acc. Arctic Reg. II. 196 The boats are..suspended from davits or cranes fixed on the sides of the ship. 1875J. C. Wilcocks Sea Fisherman 48 Crane-davits of galvanised iron, in shape of the ordinary boat-davits.
2. Comb. davit-cast, a heavy spar used as a crane on board ship; davit-guy, a rope used to steady a davit; davit-roll, the roller or sheave of a davit; davit-rope, the lashing which secures the davit to the shrouds when out of use.
1794Nelson in Nicolas Disp. I. 434 Our *davit-cast unfortunately has broke it's windlass.
1893R. Kipling Many Invent. 364 Stop, seize and fish, and easy on the *davit-guy.
1793Smeaton Edystone L. §143 A strong hawser..being passed..over the *davit-roll..the anchor and chain were then let down. |