| 释义 |
cyclic, a.|ˈsaɪklɪk, ˈsɪ-|
[a. F. cyclique (16th c. in Hatzfeld), or ad. L. cyclic-us, a. Gr. κυκλικός moving in a circle, cyclic, f. κύκλος cycle.]
1. a. Of or pertaining to a cycle or cycles; of the nature of a cycle; revolving or recurring in cycles.
1794Sullivan View Nat. II. 226 The order he [Moses] has given his narrative is..conformable to the cyclic ideas of the people he lived amongst. 1840Mrs. Browning Drama of Exile, While all the cyclic heavens about me spun. 1879Proctor Pleas. Ways Sc. ii. 31 Cyclic associations between solar and terrestrial phenomena.
b. Belonging to a definite chronological cycle.
1838Arnold Hist. Rome I. xvii. 368 note, Twenty cyclic years, of ten months each. 1850C. P. Brown (title), Cyclic Tables of Chronology of the history of the Telugu and Kannadi countries (Madras).
c. Characterized by recurrence in cycles.
1885F. W. Pary in Lancet 17 Oct. 706 These cases..have a cyclic character belonging to them, and hence my adoption of the term Cyclic Albuminuria. 1886Braithwaite's Retrosp. Med. XCIII. 219 A Physiological cyclic change. 1888Fagge Princ. & Pract. Med. (ed. 2) II. 600 ‘Cyclic albuminuria’, by which is denoted the recurrence of traces of albumen in the urine at more or less regular intervals.
d. Aeronaut. cyclic pitch control, a method of controlling the direction or motion of a helicopter by varying the angle of the rotor blades during each cycle of rotation. So cyclic pitch lever, stick.
1944H. F. Gregory Helicopter (1948) xiv. 164 The first and probably the most common [method of controlling helicopters]..is called cyclic pitch control. What it means is the change of pitch of a blade..as the blade moves in its cycle of rotation. 1959F. D. Adams Aeronaut. Dict. 55/2 Cyclic pitch stick, a control stick for cyclic pitch control. 1962Flight Internat. LXXXI. 865/2 According to the position of a pendulous ‘cyclic-pitch’ lever, the complete rotor disc and resulting lift vector can be tilted to control the flight path.
2. a. Of or belonging to a cycle of mythic and heroic story: see cycle n. 6. Cyclic poet: one of the writers of the ‘Epic cycle’.
a1822Shelley Def. Poetry Prose Wks. 1888 II. 20 They are the episodes of that cyclic poem written by Time upon the memories of men. 1840tr. Müller's Hist. Lit. Greece vi. 64 This class of [later] epic poets is called the Cyclic, from their constant endeavour to connect their poems with those of Homer, so that the whole should form a great cycle. 1868Gladstone Juv. Mundi i. (1870) 11 The Cyclic Poems, which aimed at completing the circle of events with which they deal.
b. transf. Belonging to the cycle of current Greek tradition which underlies the Synoptic Gospels, as distinguished from what is peculiar to a single Synoptist.
1851Westcott Introd. Gospels iv. (ed. 5) 225 In all the cases of Cyclic quotations parallels occur in the other Synoptic Gospels agreeing (as St. Matthew) with the LXX.
3. cyclic chorus [Gr. κύκλιος χορός] in Gr. Antiq.: the dithyrambic chorus, which was danced in a ring round the altar of Dionysus.
1846Worcester, Cyclic..noting a kind of verse or chorus, cyclical. Beck.
4. Bot. Of a flower: Having its parts arranged in whorls.
1875Bennett & Dyer Sachs' Bot. 565 In the great majority of Dicotyledons the parts of the flower are arranged in whorls, or the flowers are cyclic; only in a comparatively small number of families..are all or some of them arranged spirally (acyclic or hemicyclic).
5. Math. Of or pertaining to a circle or cycle.
spec. cyclic axis (of a cone of the second order): a line through the vertex perpendicular to the circular section of the cone. (1852 Booth.) cyclic constant: the constant by which a many-valued function is increased after describing a non-evanescible circuit or cycle in a cyclic region. (1881 Maxwell Electr. & Magn. I. 18.) cyclic planes (of a cone of the second order): the two planes through one of the axes which are parallel to the circular section of the cone. (1874 Salmon Analyt. Geom. Three Dim. 194.) Sometimes used of any circular sections. cyclic quadrilateral: one inscribable in a circle. (1888 Casey Plane Trigonometry 184.) cyclic region: a region or domain within which a closed line can be drawn in such a manner that it cannot shrink indefinitely without passing out of the region.
6. Gr. Prosody. Of a dactyl or anapæst: Occupying in scansion only three ‘times’ instead of four; applied to dactyls which interchange, not (as in Hexameters) with spondees, but with trochees.
1844Beck & Felton tr. Munk's Metres 102 The cyclic anapæsts, so called, are analogous to the irrational dactyls. 1879L. Campbell Sophocles I. Pref. 44 According to a doubtful theory the dactyls in logaoedic verse are each of them equivalent in time to a trochee, much as a triplet may be occasionally introduced in ordinary music without altering the time. Such a foot is called a ‘lyrical’ or ‘cyclic’ dactyl (ποὺς κύκλιος).
7. Org. Chem. Of a compound: having a molecular structure containing one or more ‘closed chains’ or rings of atoms; also, of or pertaining to such compounds. See also alicyclic, carbo-cyclic, heterocyclic, isocyclic (s.v. iso-) adjs.
1898Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXIV. i. 637 It is extremely difficult to separate benzene from cyclic hydrocarbons boiling at a much lower temperature. 1913Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 10) 544 The cyclic or closed-chain series. 1923T. H. Pope tr. Molinari's Org. Chem. II. 616 Cyclic compounds. 1937Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) I. 33/2 Cyclic acetals, of use in perfumery and as industrial solvents, are made by condensing dihydric alcohols with unsubstituted araliphatic aldehydes. 1961L. F. & M. Fieser Adv. Org. Chem. ii. 51 The hydrocarbon is indeed known, and since it has the same number of carbon atoms as propane but is cyclic it is called cyclopropane.
Add:[5.] b. Algebra. Of a group: having the property that each element of the group may be expressed as a power of a particular element, sometimes called the generator (see generator n. 4 b) of the group.
1889O. Bolza in Amer. Jrnl. Math. XI. 205 The cyclic group of the order n can be generated by a single substitution a, satisfying the relation an = 1 , and no other relation an′ = 1 where n′ > prep. 13 f]. 1940 [see generator n. 4 b]. 1983R. B. J. T. Allenby Rings, Fields & Groups v. 213 In the case of infinite cyclic groups the prototype is the group 〈{intset} ,+〉 . |