| 释义 |
▪ I. cupboard, n.|ˈkʌbəd|
Forms: 4–6 cup-, cop-, (5 cuppe-, 5–6 cope-, 6 coup-), -bord(e, -bourd(e, -burd(e; 6–7 cupboord, -boarde, 7– -board. Also 5 cowborde, 6 couborde, cowbard, cobord, -erde, cobbourd, -arde, cuppord(e, cubboorde, 6–7 cubbord(e, -ard(e, 7 -erd, -ert, 7–8 -oard, 7 cupbard, -bert.
[A combination of cup or cop (or both) and board. In ME. cop- is frequent in northern sources, cuppe- and coup- rare, cup- most frequent, even at a time when the independent word was regularly spelt cuppe. By the 16th c. the second element was phonetically obscured, and the p of cup- sunk in the following b, as in the existing pronunciation, which is indicated by a multitude of more or less phonetical spellings of the cubberd, cubbert type, often crossed by etymological reminiscences. Since the 18th c. the analytical spelling has prevailed.]
†1. A ‘board’ or table to place cups and other vessels, etc. on; a piece of furniture for the display of plate; a sideboard, buffet. (See also court-cupboard.) Obs.
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1440 Couered mony a cup-borde with cloþes ful quite. c1380Antecrist in Todd 3 Treat. Wyclif 150 Loke Cristis copborde. a1400Morte Arth. 206 The kyngez cope-borde was closed in silver. c1440Promp. Parv. 109 Cupburde, abacus. 1483Cath. Angl. 75 A Copburde, abacus. 1503Will in Ripon Ch. Acts 296 Unum copeburd sculptum. 1530Palsgr. 211/2 Cup borde of plate or to sette plate upon, buffet. 1555Eden Decades 68 The cobbarde bysyde owr dyninge table. 1591Harington Orl. Fur. xxv. xlix. (1634) 201 One onely lampe upon the cubbard burning. 1592Greene Def. Conny Catch. iii. 10 Her mistress..set all her plate on the cubboorde for shewe. 1663Gerbier Counsel 30 A Candlestick on a Cubbert. 1708Motteux Rabelais iv. lxiv, The Officers..got ready the Tables and Cupboards, laid the Cloth.
†b. transf. A set of vessels displayed upon a sideboard; a service of plate. Obs.
1522Skelton Why not to Court 898 Your cupbord that was, Is tourned to glasse, From sylvere to brasse. 1551Acts Privy Council Eng. (1891) N.S. III. 288 An other like couborde of the value of mlli; an other cubborde of viijcli. 1579–80North Plutarch (1676) 219 All the whole cubboord of Plate of Gold and Silver. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) II. 40 She desires you to send her a compleat cupboard of the best christall glasses. 1698Sir T. Morgan Progr. in Select. Harl. Misc. (1793) 391 His majesty of France had never the kindness to send him his cupboard of plate.
2. A closet or a cabinet (often placed in a corner of a room or a recess in the wall) with shelves, for keeping cups, dishes, etc., provisions ready for use, or anything which it is desired to keep safely, as books or valuables.
1530Palsgr. 211/2 Cupborde to putte meate in, dressover. 1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 104/2 If he haue a cofer, or cupbord, there will he keep it [money] fast locked. 1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. ii. 12 Lockers to put any thing in, as in little Cupberts. 1662Greenhalgh in Ellis Orig. Lett. ii. 309 IV. 13 At the east end of the Synagogue standeth a closet, like a very high cupboard, which they call the Ark. 1736Swift's Lett. (1766) II. 243 If a friend happen to come late, [he] will take care to lock up a scrap for him in the cupboard. 1851Illust. Lond. News 8 Feb. 98 The cupboard was breadless. 1874J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Par. Churches 161 A cupboard with shelves for music-books.
b. skeleton in the cupboard: see skeleton.
3. transf. Food, provisions; esp. in phr. to cry cupboard, to crave for food, feel hungry. ? Obs.
c1665Roxb. Ball. VI. 529 And all for the love of the cubbard. 1681W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. (1693) 412 My belly cries cupboard. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1852) I. 60 Should his head ache, or his stomach cry cupboard. 1855Kingsley Westw. Ho! (1889) 25/2 So now away home, my inside cries cupboard.
4. attrib. and Comb.
a. Pertaining or relating to a cupboard, as (in sense 1) † cupboard banker (see banker1), † cupboard cloth; (in sense 2), cupboard door; cupboard love, love insincerely professed or displayed for the sake of what one can get by it (cf. sense 3, quot. 1665); so cupboard lover, cupboard faith; † cupboard-man, one of an order of disputants in the Inns of Court: so called from their using the cupboard in the hall as a tribune (Douthwaite Gray's Inn (1886) 81).
b. Of the form or nature of a cupboard, as cupboard library.
1463Bury Wills (1850) 25 With tablys, trestelys, *cuppe⁓burd bankers.
1480Wardr. Acc. Edw. IV (1830) 124, iij rede *cupborde clothes of rede worsted.
1640Vestry Bks. (Surtees) 303 For mendinge the *cubert doore in the vesterre. 1862Ruskin Munera P. (1880) 64 That the cupboard door may have a firm lock to it.
1882Edna Lyall Donovan x, No *cupboard faith for him.
1845R. W. Hamilton Pop. Educ. v. (ed. 2) 102 In his little *cupboard library.
1757Poor Robin (N.), A *cupboard love is seldom true.
1874G. W. Dasent Tales from Fjeld 184 To have such a *cupboard lover.
c1625Whitelocke Lib. Fam. (Camden) 62 In August 1618 being on of the *cubberdmen of the Middle Temple, I went up to argue at the reading. 1660Vind. of Reading of E. Bagshaw held in Middle Temple 16 My Obligations..to my Cubbardmen, to the Gentlemen of the Bar and under.
▪ II. cupboard, v. rare.|ˈkʌbəd|
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To place, shut up, or keep in or as in a cupboard.
1565Darius (1860) 53 He..With the woman also coberdith his lyfe He regardeth neither father nor mother, and al for his wife. 1607Shakes. Cor. i. i. 103 The Belly..idle and vnactiue, Still cubbording the Viand. a1658Cleveland Hue & Cry ii, When Kings are cup-boarded like Cheese, Sights to be seen for pence a piece. |