| 释义 |
▪ I. raising, vbl. n.|ˈreɪzɪŋ|
[f. raise v.1 + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of the vb., in various senses; spec. in Curling, driving a partner's stone into one of the circles round the tee.
a1350in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 134/216 It was bigun..Thurg raising of þe kinges sun. 1388Wyclif Judith xiv. 9 Thei..ymagyneden by craft vnrestfulnesse for cause of reisyng. 1455Charter in Liber Eccl. de Scon (Bann. Cl.) 185 In the lifting and raising of the saidez fourti schillingis ȝerly. 1511Sir R. Guylforde Pylgr. (1851) 25 The very hooly crosse was prouyd by reysinge of a deed woman. 1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Descerco, the raising of a siege. 1622E. Misselden Free Trade 106 The dearenesse of things, which the Raising of Money bringeth with it. 1706J. Ward Introd. Math. ii. ii. §5 (1734) 154 Involution is the Raising or Producing of Powers from any proposed Root. 1781Cowper Lett. 8 Apr., I send you a cucumber, not of my own raising. 1828Scott F.M. Perth ii, A sign from Catharine, if that slight raising of her little finger was indeed a sign. 1842Dickens Amer. Notes II. ii. 58 Down Easters, and men of Boston raising. 1892J. Kerr in Skating, Curling, etc. 350 Every competitor shall play four shots at..raising, and chipping the winner. 1929M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge p. xv, Any advice given for bidding, raising, etc., applies when the score is ‘love-all’. 1967Gloss. Mining Terms (B.S.I.) ix. 11 Raising, the process of excavating a shaft from the bottom upwards. 1978Sci. Amer. July 112/3 Raising (making a new bet by putting more money into the pot than is required for calling).
b. So raising up.
c1440Promp. Parv. 428/1 Reysynge vp, elevacio. 1530Palsgr. 260/2 Raysing up of a thyng, leuee. 1597Gerarde Herbal iii. lxxxviii. 1256 Almonds..serue for the raising vp of flegme and rotten matter. 1684Bunyan Pilgr. ii. 69 The reason of raising up of that Stage. 1929D. Runyon in Hearst's International Oct. 63/1 Madame La Gimp figures a baby is not apt to get much raising-up off of her as long as she is on Broadway. 1972J. S. Hall Sayings from Old Smoky 113 In my raisin' up two or three besides your own would set up with sick people.
c. With a and pl. An instance of this; spec. in U.S. a house-raising (see raise v. 8).
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 361 Suspendingis, enterditingis, cursingis, and reisingis of croiserie. 1388― Ps. xcii. 4 The reisyngis of the see ben wondurful. 1609Holland Amm. Marcell. xxvii. xii. 324 Sapor,..by way of open reises and raisings of booties wasted all Armenia. 1651Rec. Waterhouse, Mass. (1894) I. i. 29 [For] raising of the howse. 1711J. Green Jrnl. 6 June in Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. (1869) X. i. 91, I went to ye raising ye New Meeting House at Col. Gardner's. 1772M. Cutler in Life, Jrnls. & Corr. (1888) I. 38 At Robert Dodge's, at a raising. 1856G. Davis Hist. Sketch Stockbridge & Southbridge, Mass. 174 Raisings were also considered as an affair of similar interest, followed by an entertainment of good things. 1861Trench Comm. Ep. 7 Churches 11 Such raisings from the dead as that of the widow's son.
d. Phonetics. Articulation (of a vowel) with the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth; an instance of this. Cf. raise v.1 20.
1874H. Sweet Hist. Eng. Sounds in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1874 533 The short vowels do not seem to have changed much in the last few generations. The most noticeable fact is the loss of æ among the vulgar. It is modified by raising the tongue into the mid-front-wide, resulting in the familiar ceb for cæb. This anomalous raising of a short vowel is gradually spreading among the upper classes. 1909O. Jespersen Mod. Eng. Gram. i. viii. 231 The great vowel-shift consists in a general raising of all long vowels with the exception of the two high vowels. 1934C. Davies Eng. Pronunc. 7 From the fourteenth century on this vowel [sc. ME. ǭ] underwent a gradual raising and rounding. 1957E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 II. 635 There are parallels enough for isolative raisings occurring in spite of, but hardly any for a combinative raising because of, a following r. 1959A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. 71 Just as all back vowels are subject to fronting by i-umlaut, so certain front vowels are subject to raising. 1972M. L. Samuels Linguistic Evol. iii. 44 In ME..we find widespread new raisings to /i/. 1975Language LI. 307 The asymmetry between front and back vowels is due to the raising of /ǣ/.
2. Anything that is raised; a raised place.
1572Huloet, Raysing, or going vp of a hyll, accliuitas. 1611Cotgr., Condol, a ridge or raising of earth. 1658A. Fox Wurtz' Surg. ii. xxviii. 196 The place..is hard and red, and a raising is there. 1742Leoni Palladio's Archit. I. 64 The floor of the Chambers is raised thirteen foot from..the ground..; and below under the raising of the thirteen foot, are the Cellars. 1858Skyring's Builder's Prices (ed. 48) 46 If raised panels, add from whence the article arises. If moulded raisings, add [etc.].
3. a. A crop raised. b. Mining = get n.1 1 b.
1857Hunt's Merchants' Mag. XXXVI. 755 Mr. Pease claimed it [sc. the tobacco] as his own raising and pointed to his mark to corroborate his statement. 1869Daily News 8 Dec., Its most important ‘raisings’ are in wheat, oats, maize, tobacco, grapes, &c. 1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-mining 198.
4. attrib. and Comb., as raising-cord, raising-gin, raising-machine, raising-motion, raising-tool, raising-vat, raising-wheel; raising-bee (U.S.), a gathering of neighbours to give assistance in raising the framework of a house or other building; raising-board, a corrugated board used in raising the grain of leather (Knight Dict. Mech. 1875); raising-dinner (U.S.), a dinner given at a ‘raising’; raising-gig = gig-mill (Knight Dict. Mech.); raising-hammer, a hammer used in giving metal a rounded form (see raise v. 33 d); raising-knife (see quots.); † raising-pair, a framework used in mining (see quot.); raising-room, a room where cloth is raised.
1836Backwoods of Canada 121 Neighbours who assemble at your summons to raise the walls of your house..: this is termed a ‘*raising bee’. a1859W. Irving Knickerb. vii. ii. (1900) 254 ‘Raising bees’ also were frequent.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 1230 The dots, spots, or ciphers which denote the *raising cords.
1702New Eng. Hist. & Gen. Reg. (1879) XXXIII. 176 note, Provide a *Raysing Dinner for the Raysing the Schoolmasters House.
1952Chambers's Jrnl. Aug. 455/2 For really fine-quality face cloths..nothing has yet been found to equal the slower and less rigorous action of the traditional west of England teazle *raising-gig.
1497Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 104 Shipping crane with a *Reysing gynne.
1846Holtzapffel Turning I. 404 Figure 277 shows the narrow edge of the *raising-hammer, in the act of descending.
1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Green plot, They put the *Raising Knife under the Turf and raise it up. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1874/1 Raising-knife, a knife employed by coopers in setting up the staves in form for a cask.
1885Census Instruct., *Raising Machine Minder.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 1230 The *raising motion is effected by coupling the leaf to one end of its correspondent top lever.
1747Hooson Miner's Dict. Q iij, *Raising-Pair... The use for these is, when we begin at the Bottom of any wide Pit at the Day to Sink, we rise with these Pair upwards.
1835Ure Philos. Manuf. 203 The cloth passes several times to and from the *raising and cutting-rooms.
1884B'ham Daily Post 23 Feb. 3/5 Steel-pen Trade.—Wanted, a *Raising-Tool Maker.
1852C. Morfit Tanning & Currying (1853) 197 The last *raising-vat, which contains the strongest tan-liquor.
a1824Douglas in Trans. Highland Soc. VI. 105 The crank must revolve nearly 13 times to give the *raising-wheel one revolution.
▪ II. ˈraising, ppl. a.
[-ing2.]
That raises.
1609W. M. Man in Moone (1849) 20 Their followers; who, by the raising hand of their lord's assistance, have ascended many high and loftie steppes of dignity. |