| 释义 |
crypto-|ˈkrɪptəʊ|
before a vowel crypt-,
combining form from Gr. κρυπτός hidden, concealed, secret. (Not so used in ancient Greek, where the sense was expressed by κρυϕο-, κρυψι-.)
1. Forming the first element in many scientific words of modern formation. The more important of these occur in their alphabetical order: others are ˈcryptobranch |-bræŋk|, an animal with concealed or covered branchiæ or gills; cryptoˈbranchiate a., having the gills concealed; spec. applied to certain divisions of crustacea, gastropods, etc. ˈcryptocarp, the sexual fruit of certain sea-weeds, also called cystocarp; hence cryptoˈcarpic, cryptoˈcarpous a., having the fruit or fruiting organs concealed. cryptoˈcephalous a., having the head concealed. crypˈtocerous a. Entom., having concealed ‘horns’ or antennæ. cryptoˈclastic a. Min. (see quot.). ˈcryptoclite Gram. (see quot.). cryptoˈcrystalline a. Min., indistinctly or imperfectly crystalline, having the crystalline structure concealed; so cryptocrystalliˈzation. cryptoˈdirous a., having a concealed or concealable neck; applied to some tortoises with retractile necks. ˈcryptodont a. or n., having the teeth concealed or suppressed; applied to certain palæozoic bivalve molluscs. cryptoˈlalic a. nonce-wd., of the nature of secret speech. ˈcryptolin [L. oleum oil] (see quot.). ˈcryptolite Min., native phosphate of cerium found enclosed in crystals of apatite. cryptomˈnesia [after amnesia] (see quot. a 1901); hence cryptomˈnesic a. cryptoˈmonad, one of a family of infusoria. cryptoˈmorphite Min., a native borate of calcium and soda, of cryptocrystalline structure. cryptoˈneurous a., having no discernible nervous system. cryptopenˈtamerous Entom., having one of the five joints of the tarsi minute or concealed. ˈcryptophyte Bot., (a) a synonym of cryptogam, or a name for the lowest cryptogams (rare); (b) (see quots.); hence cryptoˈphytic a. crypˈtopia, ˈcryptopine Chem., an alkaloid found in opium. crypˈtorchid, -ˈorchidism, -ˈorchism Path. (see quots.). crypˈtostoma, pl. -ˈstomata Bot., little circular pits found on the surface of some sea-weeds (Treas. Bot. 1866). crypˈtozygous a., in Craniology, having the zygomatic arches not seen when the skull is viewed from above; hence cryptozyˈgosity.
1872G. M. Humphry (title) Observations in myology, including the myology of Cryptobranch, Lepidosiren, [etc.]. Ibid. 1 The muscles and nerves of the Cryptobranch.
1882Geikie Text Bk. Geol. ii. ii. §iii. 88 Cryptoclastic or compact, where the grains are too minute to reveal to the naked eye the truly fragmental character of the rock.
1875March Anglo-Saxon Gram. 52 Irregular nouns..disquised by phonetic changes (Cryptoclites).
1862Dana Man. Geol. 72 Crypto-crystalline. 1880Encycl. Brit. XI. 634/1 A cryptocrystalline variety of quartz.
1889Sat. Rev. 26 Oct. 445/1 On some cryptographic or cryptolalic system.
1863–72Watts Dict. Chem. II. 114 Cryptolin, an organic liquid, found.. in cavities of topaz, chrysoberyl, quartz-crystals..and amethyst..Cryptolin, when exposed to the air, speedily hardens into a yellowish, transparent, resinous body.
1850Dana Geol. 236 The crystals of..cryptolite are microscopic.
a1901Myers Hum. Pers. (1903) I. p. xvi, Cryptomnesia, submerged or subliminal memory of events forgotten by the supraliminal self. Ibid. II. 136 ‘Cryptomnesia’ (as Professor Flournoy calls submerged memory). Ibid. 140 This cryptomnesic automatism. 1916C. E. Long tr. Jung's Coll. Papers Analyt. Psychol. 91 The rudimentary glossolalia of our case has not any title to be a classical instance of cryptomnesia. Ibid., The cryptomnesic image arrives at consciousness through the senses. 1961W. H. Salter Zoar x. 138 Latent memory (cryptomnesia) is therefore left as an alternative explanation to sheer chance-coincidence.
1847–9Todd Cycl. Anat. IV. 7/2 In the Cryptomonads..the proboscis is of a similar character.
1861Amer. Jrnl. Sc. Ser. ii. XXXII. 9 Cryptomorphite.
1882Syd. Soc. Lex., Cryptoneurous, applied by Rudolphi to a series of animals the nervous system of which is mingled and confounded with the mass which constitutes them, as the zoophytes.
1869Biennial Retrospect Med. & Surg. 475 Messrs. C. and H. Smith have extracted from opium a new alkaloid to which they assign the name cryptopia.
1879Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 514 Cryptopine..crystallises..in microscopic six-sided prisms or tables.
1874Van Buren's Dis. Genit. Org. 390 A cryptorchid is an individual whose scrotum contains no testicles.
1882Syd. Soc. Lex., Cryptorchidism, the condition of a Cryptorchis. Cryptorchis, term for one whose testicles have not descended into the scrotum, but remain in the abdomen.
[1904Botanisk Tidsskrift XXVI. p. xiv, C. Raunkiær gav en Meddelelse om biologiske Typer..karakteriserede ved Graden og Arten.. iv. Jordplanter, Kryptofyter. De overlevende Knopper..befinder sig nede i Jorden.] 1913Jrnl. Ecol. I. 17 Cryptophytes include plants with their dormant parts subterranean. 1937Nature 18 Dec. 1035/2 Cryptophytes, whose surviving buds, etc., are either beneath the soil or at the bottom of water. 1964Gleason & Cronquist Nat. Geogr. Plants xviii. 229 Cryptophytes (hidden plants) are perennial herbs with their buds well below the surface.
1925Glasgow Herald 23 May 4 The dense cryptophytic life [in the jungle] underneath the thick carpet.
1878Bartley Topinard's Anthrop. ii. iii. 288 When [the facial angle] is negative, the [zygomatic] arches are cryptozygous or concealed.
2. From these crypto- passes into the status of a separable element, which may be prefixed,
a. to ns. of any origin, with the sense ‘concealed, unavowed’, as in Crypto-ˈCalvinist, a name given in the 16th c. in Germany to those Lutherans who secretly held or sympathized with Calvinistic tenets (= Philippist, or Melanchthonian), and in France to professing Roman Catholics accused of being secretly Calvinists; hence, Crypto-ˈCalvinism, † -Calˈvinianism, -Calviˈnistic a. So Crypto-Catholic, crypto-Catholicism, crypto-Christian, crypto-communist, crypto-deist, crypto-fascist, crypto-Fenian, crypto-heresy, crypto-heretic, crypto-Jesuit, crypto-Jew, crypto-lunatic, crypto-proselyte, crypto-Royalist, crypto-semite, crypto-Socinian, etc.; also crypto-insolence, veiled insolence;
b. to adjs. with the sense ‘secretly, unavowedly’, as in crypto-splenetic.
1760Keysler Trav. IV. 289 The sword with which secretary Krell was beheaded for his *Crypto-calvinianism.
1856Hardwick Ch. Hist. Reform. 176 note, ‘Philippism’, or *Crypto-Calvinism, was principally found in the Palatinate.
1764A. Maclaine tr. Mosheim's Eccl. Hist. (1884) II. 94 The schemes of the *Crypto-Calvinist, or secret abettors of Calvinism, being thus disconcerted. 1883Beard Reformation v. 182 Whoever would not subscribe every article of ultra-Lutheran orthodoxy was a Crypto-Calvinist.
1798W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. XXVII. 515 The charge of *Crypto-Catholicism. 1800― in Monthly Mag. VIII. 598 This fraternity of darkness, of crypto-proselytism, crypto-catholicism, and crypto-jesuitism.
1888Contemp. Rev. Apr. 544 The large number of Christians who professed Islam, but remained *crypto-Christians.
1946Newsweek 10 June 44/3 To..Ernest Bevin these extreme left-wingers with their demands for ‘working class unity’ appear as fellow travelers. He has denounced them as ‘crypto-communists’. 1947News Chron. 8 Apr., He is an extreme Left-Wing Socialist... In the Commons he is, of course, dubbed a ‘fellow-traveller’ and a ‘crypto-communist’. 1961Times 1 Dec. 15/1 A crypto-communist reporter. 1965Times 23 Feb. 10/5 The right wing..attacked M. Beuve-Méry as a crypto-communist.
1885H. N. Oxenham Short Studies xxvi. 244 He [Thomas Paine] was already a *crypto-deist.
1937C. Connolly in L. Russell Press Gang! 91 Ah, summer! There's a *crypto-fascist for you! 1942E. Waugh Work Suspended ii. 86 They're the new hush-hush crypto-fascist department. 1956D. J. Enright Bread rather than Blossoms 26 A crypto-fascist looks for open war.
1887Plumptre Dante's Commedia II. 382 The symbolic cypher of a *crypto-heresy.
1881Spectator 15 Jan. 77 The *crypto-insolence which so often underlies journalistic argument about Irishmen.
1892Zangwill Childr. Ghetto I. 3 The Spanish *crypto-Jews who had reached England via Holland. 1957Encycl. Brit. XXI. 231/2 Portuguese crypto-Jews, that is, descendants of Jews whom the Inquisition had compelled to embrace Christianity but who remained Jews at heart.
1889Spectator 16 Nov., M. Thiers..allowed many thousand persons, half of them *crypto-lunatics, to be executed.
1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. III. iii. ii, A traitorous *Crypto-Royalist class.
1920Punch 26 May 415/1 Giving dancing lessons to the daughters of profiteers, *Crypto-Semites and other unpropitious persons. 1937Wyndham Lewis Blasting & Bombardiering v. v. 280 This ‘young American poet’ was undoubtedly a crypto-semite.
1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. (1865) II. vi. iv. 170 A weak croaky official gentleman, of a *crypto-splenetic turn. |