| 释义 |
cruiser|ˈkruːzə(r)|
Also (7 crosier), 8 cruzer, 7–9 cruizer.
[f. cruise v. + -er1, or immed. a. Du. kruiser: cf. also F. croiseur (ship and captain), croisière a cruise (1696 in Jal), cruising ground, cruising fleet.]
1. a. A person or a ship that cruises; spec. a war-ship commissioned to cruise for protection of commerce, pursuit of an enemy's ships, capture of slavers, etc. In 18th c. commonly applied to privateers. Now, in the British Navy, a class of war-ships specially constructed for cruising.
1679G. R. tr. Boyatuau's Theat. World ii. 302 Forty Ships which he took from the Crosiers [? croisers] or Pyrates. 1695Lond. Gaz. No. 3061/1 They have at present 6 Frigats abroad, with some other Cruisers. 1723De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 191 A French cruiser or privateer of twenty-six guns. 1757J. Lind Lett. Navy Pref. 8 A few cruizers..would have made us masters of the Mediterranean. 1851Dixon W. Penn ii. (1872) 9 The boldest cruiser in that section of the..fleet. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 110 The efforts..made by our cruisers in these Seas to put down the Slave trade.
fig.1698Farquhar Love & Bottle iv. iii, Ha! There's a stately cruiser [a woman]; I must give her one chase.
b. A yacht constructed or adapted for cruising, as distinguished from a ‘racer’; also, a motor-vessel designed for pleasure cruises on the sea, or on rivers, canals, etc. See also cabin cruiser.
1879in É. Bonnaffé Dict. Anglicismes (1920). 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 724/2 As to the number of yachts now afloat, cruisers as well as racers, the British yacht fleet..now numbers..3000 yachts. 1971Observer 10 Jan. 37/1 (Advt.), Explore beautiful uncrowded waterways in 2- to 6-berth luxury cruisers. Ibid. 37/2 Explore the fascinating inland waterways on a real canal cruiser.
c. One who goes on a pleasure cruise.
1940Times 9 Jan. 6/4 Shovel-board, with which cruisers are familiar on board our liners. 1961Guardian 11 Jan. 5/4 Most ‘cruisers’ find the time all too short for what they want to do.
d. One who cruises (sense 1 d) in search of a casual sexual partner. Chiefly U.S.
1903H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief (1904) ii. 34 Even the Bowery ‘cruisers’ (street-walkers) carried them. 1910― Types from City Streets i. viii. 140 The Bowery girl, the ‘cruiser’,..is taught early that ‘the world is graft’. 1942Berrey & Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §508/3 Cruiser,..a homosexual who looks for patrons. 1980Amer. Speech LV. 191 With the recent diffusion of the [homosexual] subculture, such [until recently secret or semi-secret] terms are gradually becoming known, for example, queer, queer bitch, aunt, and cruiser.
2. a. In science fiction, an aircraft or spaceship.
1923E. R. Burroughs Chessmen of Mars vii. 70 The cruiser ‘Vanator’ careened through the tempest. 1958T. Godwin in ‘E. Crispin’ Best SF 3 94 The cruisers carried the colonists to their new worlds.
b. A police-car that patrols the streets. N. Amer.
1929Sat. Even. Post 7 Dec. 68/2 The cruisers are high⁓powered seven-passenger touring cars manned by a crew of four. 1958Ottawa Citizen 28 May 7/5 To lift all speed regulations from police cruisers chasing law-breaking suspects. 1967Boston Sunday Globe 23 Apr. 25/1 In Weymouth Patrolmen Richard McDonald and Ralph Campbell were injured when a car hit their cruiser.
3. a. (See quot. 1900.) Cf. cruise v. 2. Chiefly U.S.
1893Scribner's Mag. June 695/1 My first day's experience as a ‘Cruiser’ or ‘Landlooker’. 1900E. Brucken N. Amer. Forests 81 A peculiar class of people variously known as woodsmen, cruisers, landlookers, whose business it is to give information as to the existence of pine timber, its location, amount, value. 1921Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 11 Oct. 9/3 Dave Vanstone..was on a timber cruising expedition with his two head cruisers. 1946R. Peattie Pacific Coast Ranges 232 With his cruiser's eye, he could measure the quantity and the quality of the timber from the water's edge.
b. A long-legged boot such as timber-cruisers often wear. U.S.
1902S. E. White Blazed Trail xvii. 125 Dressed in broad hats, flannel shirts, coarse trousers tucked in high-laced ‘cruisers’. 1946Sat. Even. Post 11 May 41/1 He was wearing Tillamook light cruisers.
4. Boxing. Short for cruiser-weight (see 5).
1928Daily Tel. 28 Feb. 16 Poor heavy-weights. Gallant ‘cruisers’. 1928Daily Chron. 9 Aug. 11/2 Cuthbert Taylor (flyweight), John Garland (bantam), and Alfred Jackson (cruiser) all survived their preliminary tests.
5. attrib. and Comb., as cruiser-pinnace, cruiser-squadron; cruiser-built adj.; cruiser stern Naut., a type of ship's stern without an overhang, the projecting part being under the water; cruiser tank, a tank (tank n.7) of intermediate weight designed for rapid movement; cruiser-weight Boxing, for professionals: a weight of more than 11 stone 6 lb. but not exceeding 12 stone 7 lb.; for amateurs: a weight of more than 11 stone 11 lb. but not exceeding 12 stone 10 lb.; light heavy-weight; a boxer of this weight; also attrib.
1902Westm. Gaz. 7 May 5/1 Cruiser-built merchantmen.
1934T. E. Lawrence Let. 8 June (1938) 806 The new cruiser-pinnaces.
1901Westm. Gaz. 30 July 6/2 Cruiser squadrons.
1915G. S. Baker Ship Form i. viii. 74 If the water line at the stern is kept too full it results in..eddymaking, and partly to avoid this a ‘cruiser stern’ has been adopted in many recent ships. 1950P. F. Anson Scots Fisherfolk viii. 111 In most modern fishing vessels of the larger type..a ‘cruiser-stern’ is now almost universal.
1940Illustr. London News CXCVII. 133 Armoured turrets of ‘cruiser’ tanks..can be automatically swung in any direction. 1964C. Willock Enormous Zoo v. 98 The rhino⁓catchers were used to taking their transport across country at which a cruiser tank might have balked.
1920Boxing 25 Feb. 96/2 Two cruiser-weights..engaged in a 15 rd. side stake match. Ibid. 13 Oct. 163/3 Carpentier..wants the world's cruiser-weight title. 1922Daily Mail 11 Nov. 11 Jack Bloomfield, the cruiser-weight champion. 1923Ibid. 10 Jan. 9 He will go for the cruiser-weight trophy. |