| 释义 |
▪ I. cruise, v.|kruːz|
Also 7 cruse, 7–9 cruize.
[First in 17th c.; corresponding alike to Du. kruisen to cross, also since 17th c. to cruise, to sail crossing to and fro, ‘kruyssen op de Zee, to traverse and cross the seas’ (Hexham, 1678), f. kruis cross, and to Sp. and Pg. cruzar to cross, to cruise, F. croiser to cross, ‘croiser la mer to cruise up and down the Sea’ (Miège 1688). The word is thus ultimately identical with croise v. and cross v.; the current spelling with ui seems to be after Dutch; but the vowel sound is as in Sp. and Pg.]
1. a. intr. To sail to and fro over some part of the sea without making for a particular port or landing-place, on the look out for ships, for the protection of commerce in time of war, for plunder, or (in modern times) for pleasure.
1651G. Carteret in Nicholas Papers (Camden) I. 236 Van Trump is with his fleete crusinge about Silly. 1668G. Etherege She Would ii. i, Two men-of-war that are cruising here to watch for prizes. 1726G. Shelvocke Voy. round World (1757) 8 Our first place of rendezvous..was the Canary Islands, where we were to cruize ten days for one another. 1748Anson's Voy. i. vii. 70 They were to cruize off that Island only ten days. 1823Scoresby Jrnl. 120 A breeze of wind..under which we cruised the whole day, among floes and drift-ice, in search of whales. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 573 Several English men of war were cruising in the Channel.
b. transf. and fig. Esp. of an aircraft or automobile: to travel at cruising speed; of a taxicab: to travel about at random seeking business.
1698Farquhar Love & Bottle 1, Madam, how would you like to cruise about a little? 1742Young Nt. Th. viii. 993 Fancy still cruises, when poor sense is tir'd. 1879Jefferies Wild Life in S.C. 5 Blackbirds will cruise along the whole length of a hedge before finding a bush to their liking. 1915Sphere 5 June 229/2 A craft [sc. Zeppelin] which can slip through the air with the speed of an express train and cruise about for thirty-six hours. 1930‘A. Armstrong’ Taxi! v. 49 A ‘crawling’ or ‘cruising’ taxi being one that meanders along the road..looking for fares. 1934Discovery Dec. 350/2 Aeroplanes like the Handley Page 42 which cruises at a speed of 110 m.p.h. 1959‘E. Peters’ Death Mask i. 7 He didn't cross to one of the parked cars..nor halt to look round for a cruising taxi.
c. trans. To sail to and fro over.
1687A. Lovell tr. Bergerac's Comic. Hist. ii. 17 Our Predecessors..a Thousand times had cruised the Ocean. 1890S. Lane Poole Barbary Corsairs i. xii. 124 We cruised the waters of the Levant. 1971Sunday Times 3 Jan. 54/8 (Advt.), Board a luxury liner to cruise the most colourful waters in the world. 1971Observer 10 Jan. 37/3 (Advt.), Cruise the lovely Erne waterway.
d. intr. and trans. To walk or drive about (the streets) in search of a casual sexual (esp. homosexual) partner; to solicit (a person), entice. slang (orig. U.S.).
1904[implied at cruiser 1 d]. 1927[implied at cruising vbl. n. b]. 1941in J. N. Katz Gay/Lesbian Almanac (1983) 575 Cruise, to walk or drive in an automobile..aimlessly but in certain specific and likely areas, looking..for a companion for homosexual intercourse. 1946Mezzrow & Wolfe Really Blues (1957) xi. 203 We cruised these two chicks up to Harlem for some ribs. 1968Globe Mag. (Toronto) 13 Jan. 6/3 A homosexual who is cruising..might make an effeminate gesture as a signal that he is a homosexual. 1970‘E. Queen’ Last Woman iii. 163, I never cruised anyone connected with the college... All my pickups were made far off campus. 1977C. McFadden Serial (1978) vii. 20/1 Whiling away the best years of her life cruising Fourth Street. 1984Times Lit. Suppl. 14 Dec. 1455/4 Male metropolitan homosexuals..who cruise compulsively.
2. trans. and intr. Forestry. (See quots.) Chiefly U.S.
1879A. P. Vivian Wanderings in Western Land 53 Experienced men are sent out into the forests exploring, or to use their own term ‘cruising’; their object being..to find suitable lumber for chopping. 1895Outing (U.S.) XXVII. 218/2, I found he was off ‘cruising’ (i.e. hunting up good timber tracts). 1919T. K. Holmes Man from Tall Timber 40 Si and me cruised a part of this timber before ever you fellers come down from Blainesburg. 1953Brit. Commonw. Forest Terminol. i. 35 To cruise, surveying of forest land to locate merchantable timber and estimate its quantity..; the estimate obtained in such a survey.
▪ II. cruise, n.|kruːz|
Also 8–9 cruize.
[f. prec.]
1. a. The action of cruising; a voyage in which the ship sails to and fro over a particular region. spec. a voyage taken by tourists. Also attrib.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Cruise or Cruising, the Course of a Ship. 1728Morgan Algiers I. ii. 221 A Turkish Half-Galley, armed for the Cruise, touched at a small Port. 1758J. Blake Mar. Syst. 64 If they are sent to sea on a foreign voyage, or cruize. a1893Mod. A cruise round the coast. 1906‘O. Henry’ Four Million (1916) 91 The hibernatorial ambitions of Soapy were not of the highest. In them were no considerations of Mediterranean cruises. 1933N. Coward Design for Living ii. iii, That world cruise was a fatal mistake. 1937R. Macaulay I would be Private 43 Dressed in all those cruise clothes. 1962Listener 11 Jan. 90/2 Cruise-ships and charabancs and monstrous hordes of hikers are blots upon the landscape [in Greece]. 1971Sunday Times 3 Jan. 72/1 Standards on board British cruise liners are generally high.
b. transf. and fig.
1751Smollett Per. Pic. xiv, ‘What, you are on a cruise for a post, brother Trickle, arn't ye?’ 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville I. 118 To prosecute their cruise in the wilderness. 1879Ld. Dunraven in 19th Cent. July 58 We started off to take a little cruise round the edge of the barren..Cruising is performed on land as well as at sea.
2. A survey or estimate of the amount of timber in a particular area. Cf. prec., sense 2. Chiefly U.S.
1911J. F. Wilson Land Claimers viii. 112, I finished the cruise today. 1953[see Cruise v. 2].
3. Short for cruise missile below.
1976Listener 16 Sept. 322/2 A short film about the cruise. 1986Church Times 14 Feb. 14/1 The General Synod debate and resolutions supported neither the unilateralists nor the supporters of Cruise and Trident.
4. Special Comb. cruise control orig. U.S., (a) Aeronaut., the regulation of the flying speed, etc., of an aircraft in order to achieve maximum fuel efficiency; (b) chiefly N. Amer., a device fitted to some motor vehicles which allows the driver to maintain a constant cruising speed on motorways, etc., without depressing the accelerator pedal; the facility for regulating the speed of a motor vehicle in this way; cruise missile orig. U.S., a weapon in the form of a guided pilotless jet aircraft carrying a warhead and able to fly at low altitudes.
1949Sun (Baltimore) 17 Oct. 1/5 Some proponents of the B-36 now predict that with ‘*cruise control’ (the technique of getting more mileage out of a gallon of fuel by careful attention to adjustments, airplane flying position, wind and other factors) a range of 12,000 miles or more is in prospect. 1960Pop. Sci. Apr. 95/1 With a lever you can set either for speed warning or automatic cruise control. 1968Autocar 14 Mar. 16/1 Speedostat cruise control now imported from the USA... Fully automatic operation the main feature, with a ‘speed-limit’ reminder as a useful half-way provision. 1972Gloss. Aeronaut. & Astronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) xiii. 2 Cruise control, the method of operating an aircraft to produce optimum fuel economy with regard to time or distance, or both. 1977National Observer (U.S.) 1 Jan. 8/5 Two Cadillacs equipped with cruise control, a device that holds a car at a constant speed, have been in accidents allegedly because of a defect in the cruise-control system. 1985New Yorker 22 Apr. 51/3 Plenty of smooth-riding Ford and General Motors sedans loaded with options like cruise control, tilt steering wheels, FM with the AM, a few tape decks and C.B.s, but nothing truly ostentatious.
1959Aviation Week May 85/1 Severest test to date for Bomarc A was a simulated operational launch against North American X-10 test vehicle from the Navaho *cruise missile program. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 7 Feb. 5/2 The cruise missile, essentially, is a sophisticated, unmanned airplane. 1977Sci. Amer. Feb. 20/3 A cruise missile requires continuous guidance, since both the velocity and the direction of its flight can be unpredictably altered by local weather conditions. 1983Daily Tel. 31 Jan. 7/2 The threat to peace was not from the Cruise missile. 1984Guardian 5 Nov. 2/2 The plans could include the use of cruise missiles with conventional warheads to knock out single targets such as bridges or airfields deep behind the enemy front lines. |