| 释义 |
▪ I. cruciate, a. Now only in Zool. and Bot.|ˈkruːʃɪət|
[ad. med. or mod.L. cruciāt-us, f. crux, crucem cross: see -ate.]
Formed like a cross, cross-shaped; arranged in the form of a cross.
1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1828) III. xxxv. 539 In numbers of Locusta the prothorax is what Linné terms cruciate. 1835Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) I. 335 The cruciate flower has four valvaceous sepals, four petals, and six stamens. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 132 Chrysosplenium..Capsule..opening at the top by a cruciate mouth.
†b. as n. = crucial incision. Obs.
1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. iii. 81 He made a Cruciate..three inches every way.
c. in Comb. = cruciato-, as cruciate-complicate.
▸ cruciate ligament n. Anat. (a) the cruciform ligament of the cervical spine, consisting of fibres of the transverse ligament of the atlas and longitudinal fibres connecting the axis, the transverse ligament, and the occipital bone; (b) either of two strong ligaments of the knee joint, which extend, crossing each other, from the tibia to the intercondylar fossa of the femur.
1883W. B. Clarke & C. B. Lockwood Dissector's Man. 370 The transverse or *cruciate ligament, which keeps the odontoid process in place, may then be cleaned. 1914S. Sisson Anat. Domest. Animals 238 The anterior cruciate ligament..arises in the central fossa on the tibial spine..and ends on the lateral wall of the intercondyloid fossa. 1977Amer. Jrnl. Vet. Res. 38 1873 A new fascial technique was used to repair artificially induced rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in 20 dogs. 1989Sunday Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 2 July [His] return to Test football after a two-year absence abruptly ended at halftime when he retired with cruciate ligament damage. 2004U.S. News & World Rep. 21 June 74/3 Flexibility might..help explain why women are up to 10 times as likely as men to tear the anterior cruciate ligament in their knees.
▸ cruciate sulcus n. Zool. (in the brains of some mammals, esp. carnivores) a major fissure which begins on the medial anterior surface of the cerebral cortex, and is considered homologous with the Rolandic fissure of primates.
1881J. Ross Treat. Dis Nerv. Syst. I 276 An enormously increased flow of saliva has been observed..in dogs after destruction by the actual cautery of portions of the cortex of the brain lying in front of the *cruciate sulcus. 1915F. E. Welby tr. L. Luciani Human Physiol. III. 550 The mechanical excitability of the cortex in the depths of the cruciate sulcus is no accidental or exceptional fact. 2003Brain Res. 963180/2 Recordings were performed along the rostral and lateral border of the cruciate sulcus.
▪ II. † ˈcruciate, pa. pple. Obs.
[ad. L. cruciāt-us, pa. pple. of cruciāre to torture, rack, torment, f. crux, crucem, cross.]
Tortured.
1504Atkinson tr. T. à Kempis iii. liii. (1893) 241 He is crucyate and turmentyd with penury and nede. 1554Knox Godly Let. A iij b, I am crucyet for remembraunce of your troubles. 1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1596) 82/1 Pinched and cruciat with sundrie punishments.
▪ III. cruciate, v.|ˈkruːʃɪeɪt|
Also 6 crutiate.
[f. cruciāt-, ppl. stem of L. cruciāre: see prec. Used as a pa. pple. before it became the verb-stem, after which it continued to be used for some time as pa. pple., and in Sc. writers also as pa. tense.]
1. trans. To afflict with grievous pain or distress; to torture, torment, to excruciate. arch.
1532Hen. VIII Let. in Burnet Hist. Ref. II. 168 Ye do still cruciate the Patient and Afflicte. 1550Bale Image Both Ch. D v b, Thou art..inwardlye crucyated in conscience. 1560Rolland Crt. Venus ii. 205, xviij. Kings he cruciat. 1609W. M. Man in Moone (1849) 43 Hee cruciateth himself with the thought of her. 1702C. Mather Magn. Chr. ii. App. (1852) 208 She directed her familiar spirits how and where to cruciate the objects of her malice. 1834H. Miller Scenes & Leg. iv. (1857) 53 To cruciate himself by fancying his cradle his sepulchre.
†2. To crucify. Obs. rare.
1560Rolland Crt. Venus ii. 366 Sum said he seruit for to be cruciat. 1658R. Franck North. Mem. (1821) 21 He that cruciates his lusts.
3. To mark with crosses, to cross. nonce-use.
1877Blackmore Erema II. xxxiv. 182 The simple roof is not cruciated with tiles of misguided fancy.
Hence ˈcruciated, ˈcruciating ppl. adjs.
1643Prynne Sov. Power Parl. App. 212 Contrite, cruciated, afflicted Joseph. 1670Maynwaring Vita Sana i. 5 Cruciating maladies. 1762Kames Elem. Crit. ii. §6 The pain of an affront [is]..cruciating and tormenting. |