| 释义 |
▪ I. † spirt, n.1 Obs.
Also 5 spyrt, 6 spert(e.
[Reduced form of spirit.]
= spirit n., in various senses.
1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 9 The margaryte if of blood descende,..many spyrtys it counfortyth souvereynly. 1541R. Copland Galyen's Terap. 2 H ij b, Yf some thing passe in the myddes of the way of the spert, yt is the ayre, forth wt it bredeth the coughe. 1607Hieron Wks. I. 569 That item which the Spirt of God giueth by the prophet. a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. ii. xiv. §4 (1622) 357 Euery Poet is inspired, with a kind of heauenly spirt. 1782J. Elphinston Martial xii. ccxi. [= iii. xcvii.] 465 Let not Snow..chill this bundle of spirt [L. hunc libellum].
▪ II. spirt, n.2|spɜːt|
Also 6 spyrt.
[Of obscure origin: cf. spurt n.1]
†1.
a. A brief period of time; a short space. Obs.
c1550Wever Lusty Juv. D iij, I wil play a spyrt, why should I not? 1582Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 85 Heere for a spirt [they] linger, no good opportunitye scaping. 1612Shelton Quix. i. i. (1620) I. 2 The Spirts that he was idle (which was the longer part of the Year).
†b. A short distance. Obs.—1
a1668R. Lassels Voy. Italy i. 85, I must except the Strada Noua here, which for a spirt surpasseth all the streets I ever saw any where else.
2. Naut. A short or slight spell of wind.
1726G. Shelvocke Voy. round World 5 A small spirt of wind would now run us into fair weather. 1799Naval Chron. I. 440 Orders came down..to sail from Cawsand Bay the first spirt of wind. 1805Ibid. XIII. 243 She sails the first spirt of Wind. 1837T. Hook Jack Brag xx, I think we shall have a spirt of wind presently.
3. A sudden outbreak or brief spell of activity or exertion; a spurt.
1829Gen. P. Thomson Exerc. (1842) I. 55 It would undoubtedly cause a spirt of employment and felicity in Ireland. But as soon as this spirt was over [etc.]. 1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. iv, The strife,..after breaking out afresh some twice or thrice in certain inconsiderable spirts and dashes, died away in silence. 1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports ii. ii. ii. 386/1 On the days intervening between the gallops a very short and quick spirt will serve to freshen the horse's wind. 1883‘Annie Thomas’ Mod. Housewife 142 That dinner's only a spirt, you know.
▪ III. spirt, n.3 Now dial.
[Metathetic form of sprit n. Cf. spurt n.2]
A sprout or shoot.
1634Holland Pliny I. 446 These Filberds..within their belly..haue in the mids a little chit or spirt [1601 spurt] as if it were a nauill. 1882–in western dial. glossaries (Warw., Worc., Heref.).
▪ IV. spirt, n.4|spɜːt|
[f. spirt v.1 Cf. spurt n.3]
1. A jet or slender spout of water or other liquid.
1716Gay Trivia iii. 106 Water, dash'd from fishy Stalls, shall stain His hapless Coat with Spirts of scaly Rain. 1840Browning Sordello iv. 135 In the centre spreads..A laver, broad and shallow, one bright spirt Of water bubbles in. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. iv. i, A great spirt of blood burst from his nose. 1879J. Burroughs Locusts 120 There was a spirt or two of rain.
b. The sound made by a jet of liquid.
1874T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd iii. I. 26 Soon a soft spirt, alternating with a loud spirt, came in regular succession from within the shed.
2. A sudden jet of fire, or puff of smoke.
1851Hawthorne Snow Image (1879) 111 Looking at the little spirts of fire. 1871Meredith H. Richmond xxix, He sent out quick spirts of smoke rolling into big volumes. 1878Browning Poets Croisic 21 Spirt and spirt Of fire from our brave billet's either edge.
fig.1879Browning Ivan Ivanovitch 23 Man's inch of masterdom,—spot of life, spirt of fire,—To star the dark and dread.
▪ V. spirt, v.1|spɜːt|
[Of obscure origin: cf. MHG. and G. dial. spirzen to spit, Icel. (17th c.) spirta (fig.) to utter. The form spurt v.1 is recorded a little earlier.]
1. intr. Of liquids (or small objects): To spring or burst out in a small quantity but with some force; to issue in a jet.
1582Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 71 From that stub lyke⁓wise foorth spirt drops bluddelye stilling. 1626Bacon Sylva §314 Beer or ale while it is new and full of Spirit (so that it Spirteth when the Stopple is taken forth). 1668Wilkins Real Char. 105 That whose seed when ripe will spirt out of the cod. 1692Ray Disc. i. iii. (1693) 42 The water breaks forth with great force,..spirting several fathoms high. 1728Pope Dunc. ii. 178 Thus the small jett..Spirts in the gardner's eyes who turns the cock. 1758Reid tr. Macquer's Chym. I. 136 This spirts out in fine small jets. 1827Scott Surg. Dau. xiv, Upon whose muslin robe a part of the victim's blood had spirted. 1844Thackeray Contrib. to Punch Wks. 1898 VI. 74 His coat and waistcoat buttons spirt violently off his garments. 1905J. B. Firth Highways Derbyshire xxv. 369 Through the sluices at the sides the water was spirting gaily.
fig.c1826Landor Imag. Conv. Wks. 1846 I. 190 Wit vibrates and spirts.
2. trans. To send out in a jet or slender rapid stream; to squirt.
1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 59 [The adder] with toonge three forcked furth spirts fyre freshlye regendred. 1625Purchas Pilgrims ii. 1827 The Rose water that was spirted by little young Jewes. 1635J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Banish'd Virg. 203 Others were busied in spirting and sprinkling water in her face. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 622 His finny Flocks..rowling round him, spirt the bitter Sea. 1796F. Burney Camilla I. 149 The same gentleman..was now spirting lavender water all about him. 1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xvii. (1818) II. 73 A pair [of ants]..rearing upon their hind-legs mutually spirt their acid. 1843Thackeray Irish Sk.-bk. ii, A tablecloth, over which a waiter has just spirted a pint of obstreperous cider. 1895Sir H. Maxwell Duke Britain v. 72 Fill your mouth with water and spirt it into the opening.
fig.1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 35 In that od Isle raigneth, from Troyblud spirted, Acestes. 1628Wither Brit. Rememb. ii. 2115 Lest I should spirt a blot So black, as that it would not be forgot In future Ages. a1661Fuller Worthies, Linc. ii. (1662) 158, I find one Pen spirting ink upon him. 1860Thackeray Round. Papers iii. Ribbons, Our fountain of Honour..has spirted a baronetcy upon two, and bestowed a coronet upon one noble man of letters.
transf.1857Dickens Dorrit ii. xxx, He spirted it [the hotel-bill] into Mr. Flintwinch's face, when the old man advanced to take it.
b. Const. forth, out, up.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 137 Toades are sometimes observed to exclude or spirt out a dark and liquid matter behinde. 1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 39 The Lamprey hath a fistula..at the back part of the head, whereat they spirt out water. 1716Gay Trivia ii. 144 Oft' the loose Stone spirts up a muddy tide Beneath thy Foot. 1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxi. (1818) II. 239 Sometimes they will even spirt out that liquor. 1826Ibid. III. xxx. 150 Perforated tubercles, which when the animal is molested spirt forth a transparent fluid. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xlv, When every chimney spirted up its flame.
3. To knock out with something spirted.
1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iii. v. 162 He that eats cherries with Noblemen shall have his eyes spirted out with the stones.
Hence ˈspirted ppl. a.; ˈspirting vbl. n.
1834–6P. Barlow in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VIII. 415 Some inconvenience is caused by the spirting. 1847Tennyson Princ. vii. 187 Red with spirted purple of the vats. 1860O. W. Holmes Prof. Breakf. T. xii, We all like the spirting up of a fountain.
▪ VI. spirt, v.2 Now dial.
[Metathetic form of sprit v. Cf. spurt v.2]
intr. To sprout or germinate, esp. abnormally or unseasonably; † to shoot up in growth.
1584–5in Miss Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. (1879) 403 Their corne..was layd flat to the grownde, and so by meanes spirtid. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, iii. v. 8 Shall a few Sprayes of vs,..Our Syens, put in wilde and sauage Stock, Spirt vp so suddenly into the Clouds, And ouer looke their Grafters? 1764Warwicksh. Letter in Museum Rust. III. 136 The ears.., in a wet time, will spirt, and so spoil the whole. 1863in Barnes Dorset Gloss. 1879–in western dial. glossaries (Shropsh., Worc., Warw., Glouc.).
▪ VII. spirt, v.3|spɜːt|
[f. spirt n.2 Cf. spurt v.3]
intr. To make a spurt; to turn or dart about quickly; to exert oneself for a short time.
1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe 53 Our Herring smoker..spirted ouer seas to Rome with a Pedlers packe of them. 1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports i. iii. ix. 216 The short running and quick turning of the rabbits, which spirt about even more sharply than hares. 1857Hughes Tom Brown i. iv, They comes out about twice or three times a week, and spirts a mile alongside of us. |