| 释义 |
▪ I. crimp, n.1|krɪmp|
[Of uncertain origin.
(It might be connected with crimp v.1, if the primary sense were ‘to press or impress’ (seamen, etc.); but this is very doubtful, for the general notion running through the senses appears to be that of ‘agent, intermediary, broker, procurer’.)]
†1. Of doubtful meaning: used in reproach or derision. Obs.
1638Ford Fancies i. ii, Int. What? thou fatten'st apace on capon still? Spa. Yes, crimp; 'tis a gallant life to be an old lord's pimp-whiskin.
2. An agent making it his business to procure seamen, soldiers, etc., esp. by seducing, decoying, entrapping, or impressing them.
Since the passing of the Merchant Shipping Act of 1854, applied to one who infringes sub-section 1 of this Act, i.e. to a person other than the owner, master, etc., who engages seamen without a license from the Board of Trade.
1758J. Blake Plan Mar. Syst. 44 When a master of a ship..hath lost any of his hands, he applies to a crimp..who makes it his business to seduce the men belonging to some other ship. 1796Stedman Exped. Surinam II. 28 Trepanned into the West India Company's service by the crimps or silver-coopers as a common soldier. 1836Marryat Midsh. Easy xxxviii. 144 Offering three guineas ahead to the crimps for every good able seaman. 1842― P. Keene xx. (1863) 173, I hear there are plenty of good men stowed away by the crimps at different places. 1839–40W. Irving Wolfert's R. (1855) 235 Sallying forth at night..he came near being carried off by a gang of crimps. 1887Spectator 21 May 691/2 In the high and palmy days of the crimp, the pirate, the press-gang.
b. transf. and fig.
1789Wolcott (P. Pindar) Ep. Falling Minis. Wks. 1812 II. 115 That sends to counties, borough-towns, his Crimps Alias his vote-seducing Pimps. 1794― Rowl. for Oliver, ibid. 198 Cupid's trusty crimp, By mouths of vulgar people christen'd pimp. c1860Wraxall tr. R. Houdin xv. 207 Nothing..can shake off the grip of these skilful crimps [theatrical agents].
†3. An agent or contractor for unloading coal-ships; a broker. Obs.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Crimp, one that undertakes for or agrees to unlade a whole ship of coals. 1754Strype Stow's Surv. II. v. xiv. 319/1 Any Coal owner may employ..crimps or Factors, not being lightermen or buyers of Coals for sale. 1769De Foe's Tour Gt. Brit. II. 151 The Brokers of these Coals are called Crimps: The Vessels they load their Ships with at Newcastle, Keels. 1791Huddesford Salmag. (1793) 109 Crimps, and coal-heavers.
†4. to play crimp: see quots. Obs.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, To play Crimp, to lay or bet on one side, and (by foul play) to let t'other win, having a share of it. Run a Crimp, to run a Race or Horse-match..knavishly. 1719D'Urfey Pills II. 53 Let Jades that are founder'd be bought, Let Jockeys play Crimp to make sport. Ibid. 54 Another makes Racing a Trade..And many a Crimp Match has made, By bubbing another Man's Groom.
5. Comb., as crimp-like, crimp-match (see 4, quot. 1719).
1794Wolcott (P. Pindar) Rowl. for Oliver Wks. II. 307 Crimp-like, for other regions, troops engaging.
▪ II. crimp, n.2
[prob. f. crimp v.1]
An obsolete game at cards.
1632B. Jonson Magn. Lady ii. i, Let her..Laugh and keep company at gleek or crimp. 1689Shadwell Bury F. i. i, Gallantry, mix'd now and then with Ombre, Crimp, Comet, or Incertain. 1703Eng. Lady's Catech. in J. Ashton Soc. Life Q. Anne 70 Lost five Guineas at Crimp. 1710Addison Tatler No. 250 ⁋9 To find them about Midnight at Crimp and Basset. 1867Ouida C. Castlemaine (1879) 3 Regretted the loss of ten guineas at crimp.
attrib.1712Addison Spect. No. 457 ⁋3 The private Transactions of the Crimp Table.
▪ III. crimp, n.3|krɪmp|
[f. crimp v.1]
1. a. pl. Crimped tresses: cf. ‘curls’. U.S. Also sing., a curl or (artificial) wave of the hair.
1867A. D. Whitney L. Goldthwaite v. 97 I've brushed out half my crimps. 1870L. M. Alcott Old-Fashioned Girl i. i. It's too wet. Shouldn't have a crimp left if I went out such a day as this. 1883Century Mag. XXV. 525/1 The Shaker sisters don't wear crimps. 1888Chicago Advance 13 Dec., Crimps that had ceased to be crimpy.
b. (See quot. 1863.) orig. U.S.
1863H. S. Randall Pract. Shepherd (ed. 7) vii. 75 Regularity and distinctness of ‘crimp’—that curved and graceful form and arrangement of the locks and fibers in the sheared fleece which indicate extreme pliancy. 1874Rep. Vermont Board Agric. II. 410 Fineness of fiber can be judged by its appearance to the eye, by its feeling when touched and by its fineness of crimp. Ibid. 411 Style of wool is judged by its crimp; the number of crimps to an inch of very fine wool is from twenty-seven to twenty-nine. 1956G. Bowen Wool Away! (ed. 2) xii. 143 The wool..is remarkably heavy, with..a very pronounced crimp.
c. to put a crimp in or into: to thwart or block; to impair or interfere with. U.S. slang.
1896Ade Artie xii. 106 They'll put a crimp in him if things come their way. 1911H. S. Harrison Queed xxv. 321 They never forgive a man who puts a crimp into the party. 1918Nation (N.Y.) 7 Feb. 166/1 All plans passed through their hands, and they took particular pleasure in putting a crimp into the Fire God. 1939Wodehouse Uncle Fred in Springtime vi. 80 My prestige in the home is already low, and a substantiated charge of being A.W.O.L. would put a further crimp in it. 1969New Yorker 27 Dec. 26/3 Finally, a giant black panther leaps upon me and devours my mind and heart. This puts a terrific crimp in my evening.
†2. Phrase. to be in the crimps: see quot. Obs.
1688Miege French Dict. s.v., To be in the Crimps, or to be well set out in Clothes, être bien paré.
▪ IV. crimp, a.|krɪmp|
[app. radically allied to crimp v.1; perh. originally with the notion ‘yielding to pressure, easily compressed’; cf. however MHG. krimpf crooked, curved (Kluge), and crisp a. for the transition from ‘curled, curly, crimped’ to ‘brittle, friable’. Cf. also crump a.]
1. ‘Friable, brittle, easily crumbled, easily reduced to powder’ (J.); crisp.
1587Churchyard Worth. Wales (1876) 28 So fresh, so sweete, so red, so crimp withall As man may say, loe, Sammon here at call. 1699Evelyn Acetaria (1729) 176 They will keep longer, and..eat crimp, and well tasted. 1708J. Philips Cyder ii. (1727) 50 Now the Fowler..with swift early steps Treads the crimp Earth. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Sallet, Slices of the whitened stems which being crimp and short are eaten with oil, vinegar, salt, and pepper. 18..Mrs. Cameron Careless Boy 12 The grass was crimp and white with the hoar frost.
b. Hence crimp-meat.
1656W. D. tr. Comenius' Gate Lat. Unl. ⁋365 Som things also hee broileth on a gridiron, or frieth on a frying-pan, but if overmuch, they becom crimp-meat.
†2. fig. ‘Not consistent, not forcible: a low cant word’ (J.) Obs.[But this alleged sense is founded only on the following passage, in which some edd. have scrimp = ‘scant, limited, very sparing’, which seems a better reading.] 1712Arbuthnot John Bull ii. iv, The evidence is crimp; the witnesses swear backwards and forwards, and contradict themselves.
3. Said of hair, feathers, etc.: Crimped.
1764A. Seward in Poet. Wks. (1810) I. p. cxv, A bag wig, in crimp buckle, powdered white as the new shorn fleece. 1784New Spectator iii. 4/2 The head is adorned..with crimp feathers.
4. Comb., as crimp-frilled.
1821Clare Vill. Minstr. II. 131 Crimp-frill'd daisy.
▪ V. crimp, v.1|krɪmp|
[Corresponds to MDu. crimpen intr., to contract or draw oneself together, to shrink, become wrinkled or shrivelled (with cold, etc.), with weak causal krempen, krimpen to draw together, shrivel up, wrinkle, Du. krimpen to shrink, shrivel, diminish, E.Fris. krimpen trans. and intr., to crook, wind, draw in or together, shrink, become tight, compressed, shorter, or less, Da. krympe trans., to wrinkle, shrink (cloth), Sw. krympa to shrink, to sponge; OHG. chrimphan, MHG. krimpfen to draw oneself together convulsively. For ulterior etymology, see the note to cramp n.1 Not known in OE.; the only ME. example found is that in the intr. sense 1; otherwise the verb belongs to the 17–19th c., and may be the causal derivative.]
1. intr. To be compressed, pinched or indented (as e.g. the body of insects). (In ppl. a. crimping.)
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. i. (1495) 741 Beestys with crympynge body haue sharpe wytte and felynge..as bein and amptes that here and smel aferre.
†2. trans. To curl. (In pa. pple. crimped.) Obs.
1698Tyson in Phil. Trans. XX. 112 The Verge or Rime of the outward Ear seem'd to be crimp'd. 1730–36Bailey (folio), Crimpt, curled.
3. To compress or pinch into minute parallel plaits or folds; to frill.
1712Arbuthnot John Bull iii. i, Crimpt ribbons in her head-dress. 1838Dickens O. Twist xiv, To crimp the little frill that bordered his shirt-collar. 1848Thackeray Bk. Snobs xxvii, The maid is crimping their..ringlets with hot tongs. 1859Lewes Sea-side Stud. 157 By crimping or dividing the edge of the cup, prehensile organs of less or greater length and power arising thereby. 1861Sala Dutch Pict. xix. 295 [She] thought far too much of crimping her tresses.
b. To wrinkle or crumple minutely, to crisp the surface of.
1772W. Bailey Descr. Useful Machines I. 229 The Italian method of crimping crapes. Ibid. I. 230 A large specimen of crape crimped and manufactured exactly like the Italian. 1821Clare Vill. Minstr. I. 209 The breeze, with feather-feet, Crimping o'er the waters sweet. 1883E. Pennell-Elmhirst Cream Leicestersh. 398 The crimping, woolly effect of half a gale from the south-west.
c. Techn. To make flutings in (a brass cartridge case), so as to turn the end inward and back upon the wad, in order to confine the charge; to corrugate.
4. To cause (the flesh of fish) to contract and become firm by gashing or cutting it before rigor mortis sets in.
1698A. van Leeuwenhoek in Phil. Trans. XX. 174 The Muscles of a Fish that has been dead for a good while, do not contract themselves when they are cut in Pieces, which we call Krimping. 1743Lond. & Country Brew. iii. (ed. 2) 170 The Cook cuts [a fresh Cod] into several small Pieces, in order, as they call it, to crimp it, by letting them lie in hard cold Spring-Water about an Hour. 1789G. Keate Pelew Isl. 302 The grey mullet, which they crimped, and frequently eat raw. 1804A. Carlisle in Phil. Trans. XCV. 23 The remarkable effects of crimping fish by immersion in water, after the usual signs of life have disappeared. 1867F. Francis Angling i. (1880) 39 Small chub..if crimped and fried dry, are by no means so bad.
b. transf. To slash, to gash.
1855Motley Dutch Rep. (1861) II. 359 Those who attempted resistance were crimped alive like fishes and left to gasp themselves to death in lingering torture. 1865Lubbock Preh. Times xiii. (1869) 435 Among the females..the only ceremony of importance was scarring the back. Eyre indeed calls it tattooing, but ‘crimping’ would be, I think, a more correct expression.
5. spec. To bend or mould into shape (leather for the uppers of boots, or for a saddle).
1874Knight Dict. Mech. 648/1 The curved bar which supports the form upon which the leather is crimped.
6. ‘To pinch and hold; to seize’ (Webster).
(No quotation given or source named.)
▪ VI. crimp, v.2|krɪmp|
[f. crimp n.1]
To impress (seamen or soldiers); to entrap, to decoy.
1812Wellington in Gurw. Desp. IX. 233 Plundering corn and crimping recruits. 1831Carlyle Misc. (1857) II. 326 Clutching at him, to crimp him or impress him. 1867Goldw. Smith Three Eng. Statesmen (1882) 187 The cruel folly which crimps a number of ignorant and innocent peasants, dresses them up in uniform..and sends them off to kill and be killed. 1884Pall Mall G. 26 Jan. 2/1 The Egyptian Government crimped negroes in the streets of Cairo.
fig.1839Standard Feb. 11 Why not create customers in the Queen's dominions..instead of trying..to crimp them in other countries?
▪ VII. crimp, v.3 nonce-wd.|krɪmp|
[Partly echoic, but having associations with the primary sense of crimp v.1]
To make a crisp sound, as in the compression of slightly frozen snow under the feet.
1834G. R. Gleig Country Curate II. xv. 267 A sound came upon me as of footsteps crimping through the snow.
▪ VIII. † crimp, v.4 Obs. slang.
= To ‘play crimp’: see crimp n.1 4.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, He crimps it, he plays booty. A Crimping Fellow, a sneaking Cur. [So 1725 in New Cant. Dict.] |