| 释义 |
spigot, n.|ˈspɪgət|
Forms: α. 4, 6 spigote, 5 speget, 5–6 spygott(e, spygot, 6–7 spigott, 4– spigot. β. 7 spigget, spiggott, 7–9 spiggot. See also spicket1 and spiddock.
[Of obscure history, but probably ad. early Prov. *espigot, f. espiga spike n.1
For the formation cf. mod.Prov. espigot (F. dial. épigot; OF. espigeot, F. dial. épigeot) a badly-threshed ear of grain. Some approximation in sense appears in Prov. espigoun, espigou (= Sp. espigon, Pg. espigão, It. spigone), rung of a ladder, bar of a chair, bung of a cask. Pg. espicho (:—L. spīculum) has the sense of ‘spigot’. Florio (1611) also gives It. spigo as ‘spigot’, but for this there appears to be no other evidence.]
1. A small wooden peg or pin used to stop the vent-hole of a barrel or cask; a vent-peg; a similar peg inserted into and controlling the opening or tube of a faucet and used to regulate the flow of liquor.
α1383–4Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 593 In iij duodenis de Spigotes empt. pro butelaria,..iijs. iiijd. 1388Wyclif Job xxxii. 19 Lo! my wombe is as must with out spigot, ether a ventyng. 14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 724 Hec clipsidra, a spygotte. c1440Promp. Parv. 469/1 Spygot, clipsidra, ducillus, ductileum. 1531–2Durham Househ. Bk. (Surtees) 74, 2 dd. spigotts et cannells. 1590Shuttleworths' Acc. (Chetham Soc.) 63 Spigotes and facetes, ijd. 1598Shakes. Merry W. i. iii. 24 O base hungarian wight: wilt thou the spigot wield? 1674Grew Anat. Pl., Disc. Mixture (1682) 226 When one Atome is admitted into the..hole of another; as a Spigot is into a Fosset. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 568 If a careless servant does not mind to thrust the spigot fast into the barrel, the beer must necessarily run all away. 1809Malkin Gil Blas ix. ix. ⁋5 We have..wherewithal to keep the spit and the spigot in exercise. 1843James Forest Days ix, A man with a mallet was busily engaged in driving a spigot and faucet to give discreet vent to the liquor within. 1896Crockett Cleg Kelly viii. 61 Cleg went to the back of the door, where there was a keg with a spigot.
β1570Levins Manip. 177/11 A spiggotte, epistomium. 1594Nashe Unfort. Trav. Wks. (Grosart) V. 23 Nothing but spiggots and faussets of discarded emptie barrels. 1658tr. Porta's Nat. Magic. x. ii. 256 Pull out the Spigget, that the hot Water may run out. 1673Ray Journ. Low Co. 462 They gather it [petroleum] up,..and put it in a barrel set on one end, which hath a spiggot just at the bottom. 1743Lond. & Country Brew. iii. (ed. 2) 185 Sometimes the Weight of the Wort forces out the Spiggot. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 340 A small barrel of water at the top, furnished with a spiggot.
b. fig. That which controls, lets out, or restrains.
Freq. used with reference to speech or language.
1780Warner in Jesse Selwyn & Contemp. (1844) IV. 402 You must be very serious in what you say about a speech. Do but pull out the spigot and let it run, and nobody can sport a clearer or a sweeter stream. 1830Carlyle Misc. (1857) II. 174 Something which he called the rudder of Government, but which was rather the spigot of Taxation. 1834Medwin Angler in Wales I. 224 I should find such enemies in the preachers, that I might bung up my spigot. 1900Lapsley Co. Pal. Durham 127 Having but a limited control of the spigot of taxation.
†2. A hollow wooden peg or tube used in drawing off liquor; a faucet. Obs.
Not always clearly distinguishable from sense 1.
1530Palsgr. 693/2 I ronne, as lycour dothe out of a vessell by a spigot or faulset, whan it ronneth styll after a stynte. 1644Digby Nat. Bodies xx. §3. 177 [To have] a little spigott, or quile att the outside of the hole, that by the narrow length of it helpeth in some sort (as it were) to sucke it. 1675J. Rose Eng. Vineyard Vind. 43 Drawing out your must by a spigot at the bottom of your vessel. 1725Fam. Dict. s.v. Birch-Wine, [It] will need neither Stone nor Chip to keep it open, nor Spiggot to direct it to the Recipient.
3. In figurative or allusive use:
a. In various proverbial phrases (see quots.).
1562J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 194 We apply the spigot, till tubbe stande a tilte. 1591Greene Farewell to Follie Wks. (Grosart) IX. 249 The foole was a fidler, and knewe scarse a speare from a spigot. 1594Lyly Mother Bombie ii. v, Memp. Ile teach my wag-halter to know grapes from barley. Pris. And I mine to discerne a spigot from a faucet. 1677Miége Fr. Dict. ii. s.v. Spare, To spare at the spiggot, and let it run out at the bung-hole.
b. brother, knight, man, son of the spigot, a tapster; a seller of liquor; an alehouse-keeper; hero, imp of the spigot, one who indulges in liquor.
1821Scott Kenilw. i, ‘What, ho! John Tapster.’ ‘At hand, Will Hostler,’ replied the man of the spigot. Ibid. viii, When an old song comes across us merry old knights of the spigot, it runs away with our discretion. 1828Miss Mitford Village Ser. iii. (1863) 42 Like that renowned hero of the spiggot [Boniface]. 1839Sir J. Stephen Eccl. Biog. (1850) 309 Under the guidance..of the imp of the spigot, Martin Luther.
4. A plain end of a pipe entering an enlargement (a ‘socket’ or ‘faucet’) of another as a means of forming a joint. Chiefly in attrib. phrases, as spigot and faucet joint, spigot and socket piece.
1797J. Curr Coal Viewer 55 The joints [of jack-head pumps] may be either spigot and faucet, or hoboy joints run with lead and regulus. 1840Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 121/1 Some cocks of the smaller sizes have heretofore been cast with spigot and socket instead of flange outlets. Ibid., The outlets are generally made with flanges, to which a socket and spigot piece with corresponding flanges are bolted. 1849Greenwell Coal-trade Terms, Northumb. & Durh. s.v., Spigot and Faucit, a description of pump joint, in which each pump is cast with a cup or faucit end; the other, or spigot end, being plain, for the purpose of insertion into the cup.
b. An annular projection (as on a cylinder cover or a flange) entering a corresponding depression in the adjacent piece.
1900Hasluck Mod. Eng. Handybk. 84 The spigots of the cylinder-covers are also chipped away the same width as the ports.
5. attrib., as spigot-end, spigot-hole; also spigot-joint, a spigot and faucet joint; † spigot-sucker, one given to drinking or tippling.
1611Cotgr., Pinteur, a tippler, pot-companion, spiggot-sucker. 1849Spigot end [see 4 above]. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2266/1 Spigot (or Faucet) Joint. 1879G. F. Jackson Shropsh. Word-bk. 33 The..strainer placed over the spigot-hole within the mash-tub, to prevent the grains passing through into the wort. 1884Harper's Mag. Sept. 608/2 The..creatures made their escape through the spigot-hole.
Hence ˈspigot v. trans., (a) to thrust a spigot into (in quots. a 1809, 1824 fig.); (b) to insert in the manner of a spigot.
a1809J. Palmer Like Master (1811) II. xiv. 211 But I must obey orders, or he might spigot me, mayhap, as they do in the foot-cavalry. 1824Landor Imag. Conv. Wks. 1853 I. 173/2 Did not you or your father flay the devil alive? Did not you spigot him nor singe him? 1910Automobile Engineering 1911 19/3 Single separate cylinders..are spiggotted deeply into the crankcase. 1954Automobile Engineer XLIV. 507/2 This cover is spigoted into the housing and bolted to the front wall of the box. |