| 释义 |
spignel|ˈspɪgnəl|
Forms: α. 6 spignale, 6–7 spignell, 7 spygnal, 6–7, 9 spignel. β. 6 speknel, specknell, spiknel, 6–7 spicknell, 6–9 spicknel, 9 spikenel.
[Of obscure origin; perh. a later form of spigurnel1.]
†1. The aromatic root of the umbelliferous plant Meum athamanticum, used, when dried and ground, in medicine as a carminative or stimulant, or as a spice in cookery. Obs.
1502Arnolde Chron. (1811) 188 Take cloues and gelofre,..gynger and spignale,..and temper hem with good wyne. 1577Richmond Wills (Surtees) 269 For arseneck xijd. Spicknell, turmirick, and galingall ijs. 1592Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees, 1860) 212 One pound and a half specknell, 2s. 1610Markham Masterp. i. xl. 82 A penny worth of Galingal, two peniworth of spygnal of Spaine. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 169 Spignel..has an aromatick Pungency in its Scent, but also somewhat fetid.
2. The plant itself; meum; baldmoney.
α1579Langham Gard. Health 390 Meu, Meon, or Spignel, boyle or soke the roots in water, and drinke it to open mightely the stoppings of the kidneys and bladder. 1668Wilkins Real Char. ii. iv. 90 Umbelliferous herbs whose Leaves are more Finely cut into narrow segments..: Spignel. Bishopsweed. 1712tr. Pomet's Hist. Drugs I. 43 Which has made some believe that Spignel was a species of Fennil or Dill. 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 327 Spignel, Athamanta. 1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) V. 53 The athamanta meum, or spignel, which once rivalled the reputation of madder, seems to have a peculiar influence in stimulating the lower viscera. 1861S. Thomson Wild Fl. (ed. 4) III. 296 The root[s]..of the meum or spignel..have..been held in esteem.
β1548Turner Names Herbes 53 Meum..I neuer sawe thys herbe in Englande sauynge once at saynte Oswarldes where as the inhabiters called it Speknel. 1562― Herbal ii. (1568) 56 Y⊇ Spiknel of England (which peraduenture was ones called Spiknard). 1601Holland Pliny II. 77 Meu or Spicknell is not found in Italy, vnlesse it be in some Physitians garden. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey) s.v., Spicknel or Spignel. 1866Treas. Bot. 1083/2 Spikenel, or Spicknel, Meum Athamanticum.
b. Applied, with distinguishing terms, to other plants allied to or resembling this, as bastard spignel, mountain spignel, parsley spignel, wild spignel (see quots.).
1597Gerarde Herbal ii. ccccix. 895 It is called..in English Spignell, or Spicknell... The second may be called bastard Baldmony, or bastard Spicknell. 1713Phil. Trans. XXVIII. 190 Parsley Spignel. 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 327 Spignel, Wild, Seseli. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 294 Athamanta Libanotis,..Mountain Spignel or Stone Parsley. |