| 释义 |
spheno-|ˈsfiːnəʊ|
a. Gr. σϕηνο-, combining form of σϕήν wedge, employed in a number of scientific terms.
1. Anat. In adjs. which designate something pertaining to the sphenoid bone together with the part specified by the second element of the compound, as spheno-ˈbasilar, -baˈsilic, -ˈfrontal, -ˈmalar, -manˈdibular, -maˈxillary, -ocˈcipital, -ˈorbital, -ˈpalatine, -paˈrietal, -ˈtemporal.
Some of these represent Latin formations, as sphenopalatinus, -pharyngæus, in use from at least the 17th cent. Cf. also F. sphénobasilaire, -maxillaire, -palatin, etc.
1849Craig, *Spheno-basilar. 1904Duckworth Stud. Anthropol. Laborat. 213 The spheno-basilar suture.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. IV. 486 Premature synostosis of the *spheno-basilic suture.
1830R. Knox Béclard's Anat. 280 Of this kind are the *spheno-frontal sutures. 1884J. E. Lee tr. Römer's Bone Caves of Ojcow 29 A synostosis of the spheno-frontal and the lower part of the coronal sutures.
1855Holden Hum. Osteol. 94 Other short sutures, such as the ‘*spheno-malar’, ‘spheno-parietal’, ‘zygomatic’,..speak for themselves.
1893H. Morris Human Anat. ii. 190 The *spheno⁓mandibular ligament (long internal lateral)..is a thin, loose band, situated some little distance from the joint. 1967G. M. Wyburn et al. Conc. Anat. iv. 112/2 The sphenomandibular ligament runs from the spine of the sphenoid to the lingula at the mandibular foramen.
1771Encycl. Brit. I. 227 The inferior orbitary, or *sphenomaxillary fissure. 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 107 The Spheno-maxillary Fossa..is formed by the sphenoid bone behind, the upper maxillary bone before, and by the palate bone to the inside.
1840E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. (1842) 29 The sphenoid, in conjunction with the occipital, was described..as a single bone, under the name of *spheno-occipital.
1841Penny Cycl. XXI. 158/1 The round aperture is..confounded with the *spheno-orbital slit.
1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 107 The *spheno-palatine hole. 1858H. Gray Anat. 489 The Spheno-Palatine Ganglion (Meckel's), the largest of the cranial ganglia. 1881Mivart Cat 86 The spheno-palatine foramen opens into the nasal cavity. 1831*Spheno-parietal [see below]. 1884J. E. Lee tr. Römer's Bone Caves of Ojcow 29 The spheno parietal suture..is also in part completely obliterated.
1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 89 It is traversed by various sutures, the coronal, the sphenoidal, the *spheno-temporal, the spheno-parietal, and the squamous.
2. In names of minerals, as ˈsphenoclase (see quots.), or of genera of animals or plants, as ˈsphenodon, sphenoˈphyllum, spheˈnopteris.
Webster (1864) also gives ‘Sphenogram, a cuneiform or arrow-headed character’, to which the Imp. Dict. (1882) adds spheˈnographer, spheno-ˈgraphic, spheno-graphist, spheno-graphy.
1868Watts Dict. Chem. V. 399 *Sphenoclase, a mineral occurring in parallel layers..in a bluish granular limestone..in Norway. 1896Chester Dict. Min., Sphenoclase, a questionable silicate of calcium, etc., of yellowish color.
1878J. F. Bell Gegenbauer's Comp. Anat. 440 This arrangement obtains also in some Saurii (*Sphenodon). c1880Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 290 The Tuatera, or Hatteria, or the Sphenodon Lizard. Ibid. 341 The remarkable Lizard from New Zealand—the Tuatera, or Sphenodon.
1837Penny Cycl. VII. 294/1 *Sphenophyllum..has broad wedge-shaped leaves, the veins of which are forked. 1858Baird Cycl. Nat. Sci. 509/2 Sphenophyllum, a genus of fossil plants peculiar to the coal measures and the transition formations.
1837Penny Cycl. VII. 292/2 *Sphenopteris has twice or thrice pinnatifid leaves. 1842Ibid. XXII. 338/2 Sphenopteris, a genus of fossil ferns... They are all coal-measure plants. 1851Mantell Petrifactions i. §2. 32 The other characteristic Wealden plant is the Sphenopteris (S. Mantelli), or wedge-leaf fern. |