| 释义 |
‖ creaght, n.|krɛxt, kreɪt|
Also 6 creete, 7 creat(e, cret(e, kreat.
[a. Mid.Irish caeraigheacht, mod.Ir. caoraigheacht, (craoidhecht, croidhecht), f. caera, caora sheep (the application being transferred to horned cattle).]
In Irish Hist. a nomadic herd of cattle driven about from place to place for pasture, or in time of war with the forces of their owners. (The word often includes the herdsmen or drivers.)
1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 652/2 He shall finde no where safe to keepe his creete..that in shorte space his creete, which is his moste sustenaunce, shalbe..starved for wante of pasture. 1612Davies Why Ireland, etc. (1787) 123 [In these fast places] they kept their creaghts or herds of cattle. 1633Stafford Pac. Hib. x. (1821) 127 The residue..I haue left to keepe their Crets. 1643Col. H. O'Neill Relation (in Gilbert Contemp. Hist. Affairs Irel. III. 201), O'Neill ordered his army and creaghts to move.
¶ Sometimes misunderstood and loosely or erroneously used.
1646in Sir J. Temple Irish Rebell. (1746) 121 Commonly bringing their Cattle into their own stinking Creates. 1658Ussher Annals 227 The country people..dwelt scattered in cretes and cabans. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 673 He was soon at the head of seven or eight thousand Rapparees, or, to use the name peculiar to Ulster, Creaghts.
2. transf. Applied to Eastern pastoral nomads.
1634–77Sir T. Herbert Trav. 170 Near this place we overtook some of those Creats or wandring Herds-men, old Authors commonly call Nomades..now of no accompt amongst the Persians.
Hence creaght v., to take cattle from place to place to graze.
1610W. Folkingham Art of Survey i. x. 25 They do..by kreating and shifting their Boolies from seed-fur til haruest bee inned, both depasture and soile their grounds. 1612Davies Why Ireland, etc. (1787) 161 It was made penal to the English to permit the Irish to creaght or graze upon their lands. |