| 释义 |
‖ cranium|ˈkreɪnɪəm|
Pl. crania |ˈkreɪnɪə|.
[med.L., a. Gr. κρᾱνίον skull.]
1. Anat., etc.
a. strictly. Those bones which enclose the brain (as distinguished from those of the face and jaws); the brain-case, brain-pan, skull.
1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. 36/1 The bone named Cranium, or the fyrst table of bones of the heade. 1615Crooke Body of man 440 The skull or cranium is all that bone which compasseth the braine and after-brain like a helmet. 1797M. Baillie Morb. Anat. (1807) 425 In a natural state..the dura mater can be perfectly separated from the cranium. 1842E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. 15 The skull is divisible into two parts,—the cranium and the face.
b. more widely. The bones of the whole head collectively; the skull.
1842Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 119 If we examine crania which have prominent upper jaws. 1872Nicholson Palæont. 353 The Labyrinthodon is known mainly by footprints and by crania.
2. Used humorously for ‘head’. (Cf. skull.)
1647Ward Simp. Cobler 79 Farewell simple world, If thou'lt thy Cranium mend, There is my Last and All. a1734North Exam. ii. iv. §144 (1740) 308 This Fancy..came into the Author's Cranium. a1839Praed Poems (1864) I. 54 Cracking of craniums was the rage. |