| 释义 |
▪ I. spean, n.1 Now dial.|spiːn|
Forms: α. 6–7 speane, 6–7, 9 spean. β. 6– spene, 8–9 speen, 9 spen.
[a. MDu. or MLG. spene (Du. and Flem. speen, WFris. spien, LG. spene, späne), = ON. speni (MSw. spene, späne, etc.; Norw., Sw., obs. Da. spene), related to OE. spana, spona: see spane v.]
†1. Swelling of the uvula. Obs.—1
1527Andrew Brunswyke's Distyll. Waters C iv, It is also good to be gargoled agaynste vuala that is the spene in the strote.
2. A teat or nipple, esp. of a cow.
α1573Twyne æneid xi. Ii ij b, To her tendre lippes in milkinge, downe their speanes he raught. 1607Topsell Four-footed Beasts 38 A bear..hath also foure speanes to her Paps. Ibid. 126 The Hinde hath vdders betwixt her thighes with foure speanes like a cow. Ibid. 138 The females..haue vnderneath their bellies great paps, with many speanes to sucke at. 1688Holme Armoury ii. 171/2 The Speanes, or the Paps, the four Dugs, by which the Milk is drawn from the Udder. 1873–in dial. glossaries (Surrey, Kent, Yks.).
β1674Ray S. & E. Co. Words 76 A Seen [1691 Speen] or spene: a cows pappe, Kent. [Hence in Worlidge (1681), Phillips, etc.] 1736Pegge Kenticisms (E.D.S.), Speen, the teat of a cow. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 104 The maid..milks two speens, while the calf sucks the other two. 1863–in dial. glossaries, etc. (Kent, Sussex, Hants, Pemb., Wexford, etc.), in forms spene, speen, and rarely spen.
▪ II. spean, n.2 south. dial.|spiːn|
Also spane, spen(e, speen.
[Of obscure origin.]
1. A prong of a fork.
18..Devon Gloss. in Halliw. (1847), Spanes, the prongs of a peek, or hay-fork, or dung-fork. 1848Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. IX. ii. 550 On stiff soils..the flatter and broader forks or speens are best. 1889Jefferies Field & Hedgerow 79 A two-spean spud, or Canterbury hoe, with points instead of a broad blade.
2. A bar or rail of a gate.
1863–83in Hampshire glossaries.
▪ III. spean, v. Sc. and north. dial.|spiːn|
Forms: 6 speane, 6, 8–9 spean (8 speean, 9 spene).
[Later form of spane v., or independently ad. MDu. or MLG. spenen (Du. and Flem. spenen, LG. spenen, spänen), = MHG. spenen (G. dial. spänen), f. spene spean n.1]
1. trans. To wean, in lit. and fig. senses.
1595Duncan App. Etym. (E.D.S.), Depello, to put away, to speane, lacte depellere. 1599A. Hume Poems (S.T.S.) 87 Thinke not that thou art sufficientlie mortified, and speaned from the world. 1781J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 96 Spain, or spean, to wean. 1788W. H. Marshall Yorksh. II. 354 To Speean.., to wean, as calves or pigs. 1808–in Sc. and northern dial. glossaries and texts. 1831Sutherland Farm Rep. 75 Husb. (L.U.K.) III, The fields..not being eaten bare by the sheep, the scythe is passed over them as soon as the lambs have been speaned. 1871W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xxix, The vera winter that Benjie was spean't.
absol.1831Sutherland Farm Rep. 79 Husb. (L.U.K.) III, The sale ewe lot..which are then brought in to lamb, and, consequently, to spean early.
b. In phrases implying the creation of extreme disgust, repression, etc.
1790Burns Tam o' Shanter 160 But wither'd beldams, auld and droll, Rigwoodie hags wad spean a foal. 1826Scott Let. in Lockhart (1839) I. 171 One of the ugliest countenances.., enough as we say to spean weans. 1895R. B. C. Graham Notes on Menteith i. 13 Slate-roofed cottages,..hideous enough to spean a bairn.
2. (See quot. and spane v. 2.)
1829Brockett N.C. Gloss. (ed. 2), Young corn is said to be speaned, when the milky..juice of its grain is exhausted, and it is obliged to depend on the nutriment collected by its own roots.
Hence ˈspeaning vbl. n.; also attrib. in speaning brash, speaning time (cf. spaning vbl. n. b).
1831Sutherland Farm Rep. 75 Husb. (L.U.K.) III, That the aftermath may be, at speaning time, open to recruit the weakest and worst fed lambs. Ibid. 78 The speaning was performed nearly a fortnight sooner than had been formerly practised. 1872H. Macmillan True Vine iii. 122 After a while the field of emerald loveliness looks suddenly sere and yellow... This remarkable change is caused by what the farmers call the ‘speanin brash’. |