| 释义 |
Spartacist|ˈspɑːtəsɪst, -kɪst|
Also Spartakist.
[ad. G. Spartakist, f. Spartakus Spartacus, the name of a Thracian slave-leader in the Gladiatorial War (73–71 b.c.) against Rome, adopted as a pseudonym by K. Liebknecht (see below) in his political tracts: see -ist.]
A member of a German radical socialist group formed in 1916 by Karl Liebknecht (1871–1919), Rosa Luxemburg (1870–1919), and Franz Mehring (1846–1919) and dedicated to ending the war of 1914–18 through revolution and to establishing a socialist government. Also attrib. or as adj.
1919W. R. Inge Outspoken Ess. i. 18 The ‘Spartacist’ scoundrels who have betrayed and ruined their country. 192019th Cent. Mar. 560 The extreme Left wing of the Independents, known as Spartacists. 1925Contemp. Rev. Dec. 715 The movement which a few Spartakists originated in the hope of establishing Soviet rule in Germany. 1965Listener 4 Nov. 700/2 Otto Neurath..had been a member of the short-lived revolutionary Spartacist government in Munich. 1974J. White tr. Poulantzas's Fascism & Dictatorship iv. ii. 168 The process followed particular steps{ddd}1918–19. Failure of the German revolution and defeat of the Spartakist militants.
So ˈSpartacan |-kən| rare = Spartacist; ˈSpartacism |-sɪz(ə)m, -kɪz(ə)m|, the policy and principles of the Spartacists.
1918N.Y. Times 15 Dec. i. 3/5 Spartacism appeared in Munich openly..when ‘the bloody events in Berlin and the guilt of the Government’ were discussed. Ibid., Premier Eisner visited the meeting and defied the Spartacan leaders. 1919Nation (N.Y.) 19 Apr. 632 The Programme of the Spartacans. 1919J. M. Keynes Econ. Conseq. Peace 271 A victory of Spartacism in Germany might well be the prelude to Revolution everywhere. 1920Glasgow Herald 9 Apr. 9 Spartacism in Germany is a domestic matter for the German Government to deal with. |