| 释义 |
coupler|ˈkʌplə(r)|
[f. couple v. + -er1.]
1. One that couples; spec. one whose business it is to couple railway carriages or trucks.
1552Huloet, Coupler, copulator. 1748Smollett Rod. Rand. xi. (1804) 58 No such creature as you neither—no ten pound sneaker—no quality coupler. 1774Pennant Tour Scot. in 1772 (1790) II 95 Those infamous couplers despise the fulminations of the Kirk. 1885Manch. Exam. 15 May 5/7 Couplers [of railway carriages or trucks] ..expose themselves to danger in shunting operations.
2. A thing that couples or links together. spec.
a. In an organ: A contrivance for connecting two manuals, or a manual with the pedals, or two keys an octave apart on the same keyboard, so that both can be played by a single motion.
1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. iii. viii. 144 The Orbicular Muscle only moves the upper Eye-lid, and doth but embrace the lower, and knit it as a coupler. 1840Penny Cycl. XVI. 492/1 These several parts, or organs, when brought together by stops, called couplers, give to the keys of the great organ the command of every pipe in the instrument. 1871Pall Mall G. 29 Mar. 8 The organ..is fitted with 125 stops and 32 couplers.
b. (See quot.) Also = coupling.
1874Knight Dict. Mech., Coupler..2. The ring which slips upon the handles of a crucible tongs, or a nipping-tool of any kind. Also called reins.
c. Zool. A plate joining two opposite swimming appendages of a crustacean.
1897Parker & Haswell Zool. I. 530 The first four thoracic appendages bear biramous swimming feet.., those of the right and left sides being connected by transverse plates or couplers.
d. Photogr. (See quots.)
1938Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. LXXXV. 628/1 The dyestuffs forming the images are in all cases produced by the effect of an oxidising agent on a mixture of a suitable agent and coupler... In some instances the developer and the coupler may be identical. 1944J. S. Friedman Hist. Color Photogr. xi. 127 The true problem..is not the inability to obtain uniform dispersions of the couplers throughout the emulsion, but to prevent the couplers in one emulsion layer from wandering over into a neighboring layer. 1957R. W. G. Hunt Reprod. Colour v. 45 Instead of letting the oxidized developer react with the gelatin of the emulsion, a coupler is present in the developer (or in the emulsion layer) and this reacts with the oxidized developing agent to form an insoluble dye. 1966D. M. Avedon Gloss. Terms Microphotogr. (ed. 4) 13 In a diazo material the coupler is a compound which combines with the unexposed diazonium salt to form the visible dye image.
e. In full acoustic coupler. A modem for converting digital signals from a computer into an audible sound signal and vice versa so that they can be transmitted and received over telephone lines; spec. a sound-absorbent cradle, incorporating a microphone and loudspeaker, into which a telephone handset is placed.
1968N.Y. Times 26 June 70 Each client will get a portable teletype and a thing called an ‘acoustic data coupler’ that allows the teletype to send messages to a computer over any old telephone. 1969Mechanised Accounting Oct. 9/1 The Post Office has agreed to the introduction of suitably approved acoustic couplers, devices capable of turning almost any modern telephone into a data transmission terminal. 1978Pract. Computing July–Aug. 56/2 The coupler converts pulses of sound. 1984Daily Tel. 24 Apr. 16/4 Comtec Data Systems is selling the machine and acoustic coupler (on which you rest the telephone handset for communications) as a package in a handsome briefcase for {pstlg}397.
Senses 2 c, d, and e in Dict. become 2 d, f, and g. Add: [2.] c. = coupling vbl. n. 6 b.
1879Car-Builder's Dict. 48/1 Coupler... In relation to cars the term usually designates the appliances for coupling or connecting cars together. 1897Kipling Day's Work (1898) 223 His brake-pump panting forty to the minute, his front coupler lying sideways on his cow-catcher, like a tired dog's tongue in his mouth. 1960Times 7 Dec. 23/7 Automatic couplers and other items needed to give maximum control on fast and heavy trains. 1984Comprehensive Railroad Dict. (‘Railway Age’) 44 A manual operation is necessary to uncouple two cars whose couplers are locked together.
e. A device that enables oscillatory energy to be transferred from one electric or electromagnetic device to another, esp. other than by physical connection.
1914R. Stanley Text-bk. Wireless Telegr. xi. 135 The jigger, or two-coil coupler, gives the sharpest tuning, and thus best avoids interference with, or by, other stations. 1924Harmsworth's Wireless Encycl. I. 547/1 A disadvantage with the loose coupler method of tuning lies in the dead end effects of the wire not actually used in the tuning circuit, but still directly coupled to it. 1950W. C. Johnson Transmission Lines & Networks vii. 188 A directional coupler is a device that couples a measuring instrument or an auxiliary line only to the wave traveling in one direction along the main line. 1982Giant Bk. Electronics Projects vi. 279 If you use a coupler, detector and oscilloscope to tune up the rig, you may note a 15 to 20 MHz oscillation on the signal. 1987Flight Internat. 10 Oct. 42/1 Connectorless inductive couplers, one per seat row, were used to pick up the transmission of information. |