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Spaniard, n. (and a.)|ˈspænjəd|
Forms: α. 5 Spaignarde, Spaynard(e, -erde, Spaynnarde, 6 Spaynerd; 5 Spayneyarde, 6 Spaynyard (Sc. -ȝard), Spainierd (Sc. -ȝerd, -ȝeard). β. 5 Sc. Spanȝeart, 6 Spanyard(e, Sc. -ȝard), 6–7 Spanyard, 6– Spaniard.
[ad. OF. Espaignart, Espaniard, f. Espaigne Spain: see -ard. So MHG. Span(n)igerd.]
1. A native of Spain; a member of the Spanish people. Sometimes (with the) in collective sing. = the Spanish nation or people.
αc1400Brut cxcvii. 220 Þe grete lordes..were mellede wiþ oþere nacions,..somme Frenchemen, somme Normans, somme Spaignardes. c1420Contin. Brut ccxxxv. 325 In þis comyng oppon of þe Spaynardes, all þe Englissh men..were take or slayn. 1484Caxton Fables of Alfonce ii, The spaynard was wonderly wrothe. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. I. 73 That maist ancient toung of the alde Spaynȝards. Ibid. II. 130 Against the spaynerds of portugal.
β1491Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 179 To the Spanȝeartis that dansyt before the Kyng. 1522Skelton Why not to Court? 921 Our nobles are gone Amonge the Burgonyons, and Spanyardes onyons. 1592G. Harvey Four Lett. Wks. (Grosart) I. 175 The Spanyard..will bee aduised before he entangle himselfe with more warres attonce. 1617Moryson Itin. ii. 164 Who entertained a very hot skirmish with the Spaniards. 1649Bp. Hall Cases Consc. iii. viii. (1654) 247 The poor Indians..profest they would not goe to heaven if any Spanyards were there. 1713Addison Count Tariff §22 He found him a true Spaniard, nothing but show and beggary. 1777R. Watson Philip II, i. (1812) I. 14 He was too much a Spaniard to relish anything that was not Spanish. 1832Macaulay Armada 39 Far on the deep the Spaniard saw..those twinkling points of fire. 1891Skeat Princ. Eng. Etymol. Ser. ii. 317 The real place of meeting between the Englishman and the Spaniard was in the western world and on the open sea.
2. A Spanish ship or vessel.
1537Adm. Crt. Exempl. i. No. 174 Seeing a ship coming somewhat rome with theym,..Mr. Payne toke it ffor a Spanyard. 1689in Cal. Treas. P. I. Pref. 37 The French has taken 5 Dutch West Indiamen.., also a very rich Spaniard that came from Portabello. 1710Lond. Gaz. No. 4710/3 This Day sailed a Spaniard for Amsterdam. 1761Ann. Reg., Chron. 157/1 Near the Spaniard below the Nore. 1806A. Duncan Nelson 36 The Spaniard's mizen-mast fell. 1908Pall Mall G. 20 Apr. 1/3 To be told at breakfast..that ‘a Spaniard’ was on the rocks.
3. a. The New Zealand plant Aciphylla Colensoi, characterized by its long prickly grass-like leaves; New Zealand bayonet- or spear-grass.
1851in R. B. Paul Lett. fr. Canterb. (1857) 108 The country through which I have passed has been most savage, one mass of Spaniards and spear grass. 1882Potts Out in the Open 287 (Morris), Carefully avoiding contact with the long-armed leaves of Spaniards.
b. A species of sallow or willow (see quots.).
1871W. Scaling Salix or Willow (ed. 2) Descr. Cat. 5 Salix Legustriana, known as Common Spaniard. 1875Encycl. Brit. III. 422/1 In the third class, which are known in the trade as ‘Spaniards’ or Spanish willows, are included about thirty varieties which are classed under Salix amygdalina. Ibid., The ‘Spaniards’ comprise some of the most useful basket-willows.
c. The jack-spaniard (see Jack n.1 38).
1909in Cent. Dict. Suppl.
4. attrib. (or as adj.) and Comb., as Spaniard governor, Spaniard ship; Spaniard-aping, Spaniard-hunting; Spaniard-like adv.; Spaniard's beard, Spanish beard.
1485Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 27 Paid..to the Bote⁓swayne of a Spaynard ship. 1488Ibid. 79, iij Spaynard Shippes. 1583B. Melbancke Philotimus X j, Spanyerdlike [she] was as careles as he. 1611Cotgr., Espagnolé,..made Spanish, or Spaniard-like. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. (Globe) 373 When the Spaniard Governour heard this, he calls to William Atkins. 1855Kingsley Westw. Ho! xxv, He asked them whether they would go Spaniard-hunting with him. 1892Stevenson Across the Plains 79 Long aisles of pine-trees hung with Spaniard's Beard.
Hence (chiefly in modern journalistic use) Spaniarˈdess, a Spanish woman; ˈSpaniardism, Spanish methods or practice; ˌSpaniardiˈzation, the making of a place or thing Spanish; ˈSpaniardize v. trans., to make Spanish; hence ˈSpaniardizing vbl. n. and ppl. adj.; ˈSpaniardly adv., in a manner typical of the Spanish; ˈSpaniardship, used as a mock title in speaking of a Spaniard.
1733Fielding Quix. in Eng. i. i, If your master does not pay me, I shall lay his Spaniardship fast in a place, which [etc.]. 1880Daily News 6 May 5/8 We combat..that Spaniardism he has ushered in. 1886Symonds Renaiss. It., Cath. React. (1898) VII. xi. 183 Italian society..beneath the shadow of a score of Spaniardising princelings. 1899Westm. Gaz. 29 Sept. 2/3 Signs of the Spaniardisation of Sloane-street. 1909Kipling Rewards & Fairies (1910) 42 De Avila..very Spaniardly hung them all for heretics. 1931O. Nash Hard Lines 93 The bashful Spaniardess apparently finds the amorous Spaniard..menacing to her virtue. |