| 释义 |
spandrel Arch.|ˈspændrɪl|
Forms: α. 5 spaundrell, 6 splandrell, 7, 9 spandrell, 8– spandrel. β. 8–9 spandril.
[app. a diminutive of AF. spaundre, -dere (1395), of doubtful origin; perh. identical with (e)spandre to expand, extend.]
1. a. The triangular space between the outer curve of an arch and the rectangle formed by the mouldings enclosing it, frequently filled in with ornamental work; any similar space between an arch and a straight-sided figure bounding it; also, the space included between the shoulders of two contiguous arches and the moulding or string-course above them.
α1477–8MS. Exch. K.R. Acc. 496 No. 17 Pro mandacione et embosyng xviij Spaundrell'. 1532in Bayley Hist. Tower Lond. I. App. p. xxxii, A portall wt panells of drapery worke, wt ij. dores, wt a crest of antyk upon the hed, and ij. splandrellys for the caryng of the dore. 1634in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) II. 699 For carving the spandrells of the doores. 1712J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 73 A great Arch, with a..Pedament over it..sustain'd at the Ends by Spandrels and Scrolls. 1739C. Labelye Piers Westm. Bridge 78 As to the Spandrels of the Arches,..they should be filled with..Rubble. 1837Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 14/2 Every time a load passed over the bridge, the vibration was transferred through the loose rubbish to the spandrel. 1847J. Leitch tr. C. O. Müller's Anc. Art §276. 266 The Ionic capitals..with a honey⁓suckle in the spandrel between the spirals of the volute. a1878Sir G. Scott Lect. Archit. (1879) II. 52 There are plain windows again over their spandrels.
β1750Wren Parentalia 357 It is evident that the Spandrils, or loading of the diagonal Cross-arches, where two cylindrical Vaults meet, must be an inverted Pyramid. 1833Loudon Encycl. Archit. §237 The steps and the coping of the spandril..together with the coping of the piers..of the stairs..to be of York quarry stone. 1843Ecclesiologist II. 57 The wall pieces, spandrils and hammer⁓beams are plain. 1897F. J. Burgoyne Library Construction 233 Greek honeysuckle ornaments in the spandrils.
b. transf. The support of a set of steps; the material with which the space between a stair and the floor is filled in.
1833Loudon Encycl. Archit. §79 To build nine-inch brick spandrils and steps to the front door... (The..spandrils for door steps are the arches, or the walls, which support the ends of the steps.) Ibid. §239 To put..one inch and a quarter square framed spandril to enclose the cellar stairs.
c. On oriental patterned rugs or carpets: one of the spaces between the central field and the border, or between an arch motif and its frame.
1900J. K. Mumford Oriental Rugs x. 147 In the spandrels over the arch of the prayer rugs there is a repetition of the pear patterns. 1931A. U. Dilley Oriental Rugs & Carpets iii. 63 Large central medallions, brilliant pendants, traceried spandrels and graceful floral scrolls. 1962C. W. Jacobsen Oriental Rugs ii. 264 Mudjars have a definite prayer arch design... Many of these have panels above the spandrel with van dykes designs. 1967Times 26 Jan. 22 (Advt.), A Silk Heriz with all over blue spandrels on an old mellowed field, classical rust medallion, floral border.
2. ‘An inner frame or border for a picture’ (Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl.).
1862Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 5696, Gilt picture frames, with spandril and an oval frame.
3. attrib., as spandrel bracketing, spandrel-conoid, spandrel decoration, spandrel space, spandrel wall, etc.
1830Whewell Archit. Notes German Ch. p. xxxi, This space I will call the spandrel-conoid. 1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 127/1 The spaces between the arches were crossed by spandrell walls. 1840Ibid. III. 133/2 In winter the arch contracting descended and the spandril joints opened. 1842Gwilt Archit. Gloss., Spandrel Bracketing, a cradling of brackets fixed between one or more curves, each in a vertical plane. 1850T. Inkersley Inq. Rom. & Pointed Arch. France 311 The spandrel spaces are occupied by a trefoil. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. I. xxvi. §ix, One of the spandril decorations of Bayeux Cathedral.
Hence ˈspandrelled a., having or provided with spandrels.
1813M. Edgeworth Let. 1 May (1971) 37 The beauty of the spandrilled ceiling with all its rich, and light ornaments. 1838in Gentl. Mag. Libr., Eng. Topogr. (1901) XIII. 266 It had an amply spandrelled fireplace on the northern side. 1890Archaeol. Jrnl. XLVII. 93 The latter beam having curved and spandrelled braces at the ends. |