| 释义 |
▪ I. countermarch, n.|ˈkaʊntəˌmɑːtʃ|
[counter- 6.]
1. A march in the contrary direction; a march back. Also fig.
1598Barret Theor. Warres ii. i. 28 Keeping well their arayes, in march, countermarch, etc. 1679E. Everard Prot. Princes Europe 12 By the divers Marches and Counter⁓marches which these two Armies made. 1810Wellington in Gurw. Desp. VI. 441 To give General Leith's corps the trouble of a countermarch. 1863Kinglake Crimea II. 507 Wasting time and strength in a march towards the seashore, and a countermarch back to the Telegraph.
2. Mil. An evolution by which the front and rear, or the right and left file, of a body of cavalry or infantry change places, the original order of the files being retained. Now Obs.
The front rank turns to the right and marches off, while the rear rank does the same to the left, each wheeling close round the end toward which it marches, and thus stepping into the place of the other, but facing in the opposite direction. It is now superseded by ‘changing ranks’, in which the whole simply face about, and number off anew, the rear rank then becoming the front.
1635W. Barriffe Mil. Discip. xviii. (1643) 56 A part-Counter⁓march is when one Moity or part of the body, counter⁓marcheth, etc. 1678A. Lovell Fontaine's Duties Cav. 9 Of Counter-marches. 1796Instr. & Reg. Cavalry (1813) 99 The Countermarch changes the front and flanks of a body, and faces it to a rear, and is equivalent to a wheel of the half circle made on any of its parts or points. 1847Infantry Man. (1854) 55 Countermarches by files..tend to an extension of the files. 1884Field Exerc. Infantry 84 On the word Front, the guides will change flanks and take post as before the counter-march.
▪ II. countermarch, v.|ˈkaʊntəˌmɑːtʃ|
[counter- 1: cf. prec.]
1. intr. To march in a contrary direction; to march back.
1644in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. II. 690 The Earl of Essex..pretended to Countermarch to the East. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1852) II. 564 Standing in readiness to march, to countermarch, and change our measures alertly, as occasion shall require. 1811Hist. Europe in Ann. Reg. 113/1 Gen. Graham immediately countermarched in order to support the troops left for its defence. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 333 Mackay..wasted some weeks in marching, in countermarching, and in indecisive skirmishing.
2. Mil. To execute a countermarch (sense 2).
1625Markham Souldiers Accid. 19 Rankes, counter⁓march from the right hand to the left. 1832Prop. Reg. Instr. Cavalry iii. 83 The Regiment in Line is required to countermarch on its centre. 1884Field Exerc. Infantry 84 Counter-marching and changing Ranks. [This is the last appearance of Counter-marching in the official manual.]
3. trans. To cause to countermarch (in either sense).
a1658Cleveland Engagement Stated 43 He..Must first..Like Witches compact counter-march his Faith. 1796Instr. & Reg. Cavalry (1813) 95 When the column..is to proceed in the new direction, and therefore to be counter⁓marched in part. 1859F. A. Griffiths Artill. Man. (1862) 11 A Company in line may..be countermarched by Files.
Hence ˈcountermarcher, ˈcountermarching vbl. n.
1625Markham Souldier's Accid. 20 In counter-marching..you are to name neither Rankes nor Files. 1689T. Plunket Char. Gd. Commander 28 Encounter Counter⁓marchers, and they'll soon Run Counter-Cross into confusion. 1721De Foe Mem. Cavalier (1840) 49 Their..marchings, counter-marchings..were done with..order. 1889Spectator 30 Nov., After his [Stanley's] eighteen months of hideous suffering, of marching and counter-marching. |