| 释义 |
abnormal, a.|æbˈnɔːməl|
[A refashioning of the earlier anormal (a. Fr. anormal, ad. med.L. anormal-us for anōmal-us, a. Gr. ἀνώµαλ-ος: see anomalous) after L. abnormis (see abnormous). Few words show such a series of pseudo-etymological perversions; Gr. ἀνώµαλ-ος, L. anōmal-us, having been altered in late L. after norma to anormălus, later anormālis, whence Fr. anormal (13th c.) and Eng. anormal; the latter referred to L. abnorm-is, and altered to abnormal. It has displaced the earlier abnormous.]
Deviating from the ordinary rule or type; contrary to rule or system; irregular, unusual, aberrant.
[1835Hoblyn Dict. of Medicine, Anormal (Lat. anormis) without rule [Abnormal not in]. 1853Mayne, Anormal, departing from the natural condition, the same as Abnormal. ]1835–6Todd Cycl. Anat. & Ph. I. 19 The relative positions of the contents of the abdomen, and the abnormal states of that cavity. 1836Pen. Cycl. s.v. Botany, Abnormal, contrary to general rules. 1840Hamble Dict. Geol. & Min. Abnormal, Abnormous (abnormis Lat.) Irregular, unwonted, unnatural. 1841Myers Cath. Thoughts iv. §25. 302 The Mosaic system must always be considered as an abnormal, exceptional Dispensation. 1842Fergusson Pract. Surg. xxiii. 105 In false joints, as in most other abnormal conditions. 1859Darwin Orig. Species v. 119 (1873) The wing of a bat is a most abnormal structure. 1871Blackie Four Phases i. 121 The strange and abnormal habits of certain savage tribes. 1877Roberts Handbk. Med. I. 77 (ed. 3) Abnormal ingredients may be present. 1878E. White Life in Christ v. xxxi. 533 Special mercy and abnormal compassion.
Add:2. Special collocation. abnormal psychology, the branch of psychology that deals with unusual behaviour, mental processes, and personality, esp. mental pathology and maladaptive behaviour.
1906J. Jastrow Subconscious ii. i. 174 May we follow the trail of the subconscious in its meanderings through the realms of abnormal psychology. 1911I. H. Coriat Abnormal Psychol. p. vii, Abnormal psychology, or the study of abnormal mental phenomena, is one of the late developments of scientific medicine. 1926W. McDougall Outl. Abnormal Psychol. i. 1, I ask the reader to pardon my use of the expression ‘abnormal psychology’ in the restricted sense of psychology of functional disorders. 1972I. G. Sarason Abnormal Psychol. i. 3 The term ‘abnormal psychology’ has traditionally referred to the types of human failures and inadequacies that we shall call the ‘personal maladaptations’. 1987A. M. Colman Facts, Fallacies & Frauds in Psychol. i. 13 Case studies are especially useful in the field of abnormal psychology, where detailed descriptions of the background, symptoms, and responses to treatment of individuals with unusual mental disorders can be illuminating. |