| 释义 |
▪ I. soy1|sɔɪ|
Also 7 souy.
[a. Japanese soy (also shoy), colloquial form of shō-yu or siyau-yu, ad. Chinese shi-yu, shi-yau, etc., f. shi salted beans, or the like, used as condiments + yu oil. The Japanese form is also the source of Malay soi, Du. soya, soja.]
1. A sauce prepared chiefly in Japan, China, and India, from soybeans, and eaten with fish, etc.
A full account of the method of preparation is given by Ure Dict. Arts (1839) 1158.
1696J. Ovington Voy. Suratt 397 Souy the choicest of all Sawces. 1699W. Dampier Voy. (1729) II. i. 28, I have been told that Soy is made partly with a fishy Composition.., tho' a Gentleman..told me that it was made only with Wheat, and a Sort of Beans mixt with Water and Salt. 1747–96H. Glasse Cookery x. 174 Dish them up with plain butter and soy. 1779Encycl. Brit. (ed. 2) IV. 2511/2 This legumen..serves for the preparation of..a pickle celebrated among them [sc. the Japanese] under the name of sooju or soy. 1817Byron Beppo vii, From travellers accustom'd from a boy To eat their salmon, at the least, with soy. 1853Blackw. Mag. March 280 She put soy instead of sherry into the soda water compound she was mixing. 1870Yeats Nat. Hist. Comm. ii. (1872) 191 A sauce or catsup, as thick as treacle and of a clear black colour, called Soy, which is much esteemed.
2. Bot.= soybean.
1880Bessey Botany 532 Many more species [of food-plants] are now cultivated in India, such as Chowlee, Black Grain, Soy,..etc. 1884tr. De Candolle's Orig. Cultivated Pl. 330 Soy is also grown in the Malay Archipelago.
3. Equivalent to soya 2: attrib., as soy biscuit, soy bottle, soy flour, soy jam, soy oil, soy protein; soy frame, an ornamental stand with a ring frame used for holding a soy bottle; soy-sauce = sense 1. See also soybean.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 225 ‘Soy’ flour..contains about 24 per cent. [of carbo-hydrates],..while some soy biscuits..contain twice as much.
1960Soy bottle [see soy frame below]. 1970Canadian Antiques Collector Oct. 18 (caption) Four 12-sided soy bottles with shoulder bands of diamonds cut in high relief.
1788–1815Watson & Bradbury Pattern Bk. in F. Bradbury Hist. Old Sheffield Plate (1912) ix. 197 Soy frames... Sugar Tongs... Snuffers. 1912F. Bradbury Hist. Old Sheffield Plate ix. 271 The soy frames and cruet frames..are sufficiently illustrated here to give a very fair general idea of the different fashions. 1931E. Wenham Domestic Silver x. 142 Snuffer-trays and soy-frames can be..made into attractive inkstands. 1960H. Hayward Antique Coll. 261/2 Soy frame, silver or plated oblong or oval stand with ring frame for holding soy or sauce bottles.
1956B. Y. Chao How to cook & eat in Chinese i. iii. 50 Similar to soy sauce is a soy jam, which is much thicker in consistency.
1976Billings (Montana) Gaz. 30 June 4-b/1 Soy oil lost some 25 points.
1974Sci. Amer. Feb. 19/1 Soy protein is nutritionally somewhat less complete than meat.
1795Soy sauce [see soybean a]. 1818Todd (transl. Thunberg), Soy-sauce is prepared from soy-beans (dolichos soja) and salt, mixed with barley or wheat. 1959R. Kirkbride Tamiko vii. 54 They had hors d'oeuvres of raw wild vegetables, sashimi, thin slices of raw tuna and sea bream with soy sauce. 1978Nagel's Encycl.-Guide: China 380 The seven sauces used in the stew are replaced by soy sauce, into which the meat is dipped before being cooked.
▸ soyfood n. a food made from processed soybeans.
1930Los Angeles Times 15 Nov. ii. 4/6 The Reds have compiled two cook books of recipes for *soy foods. 1981Daily Intelligencer (Doylestown, Pa.) 14 Jan. 8/2 There's the Indonesian-originated tempeh, a fermented soyfood reputed to have the flavor and texture of Southern fried chicken. 2002Cancer Causes & Control 13 592 Marketing of the benefits of soyfoods to the general public has preceded the scientific evidence.
▪ II. † soy2 Sc. Obs. rare.
[a. obs. F. soy (F. soie) silk.]
silken soy, silk.
1776Gilderoy in Herd Sc. Songs I. 73 His stockings were of silken soy, Wi' garters hanging down. 1783J. Mayne Glasgow 10 Ev'n little maids..clip, wi' care, the silken soy For Ladies' braws. |