| 释义 |
cosmical, a.|ˈkɒzmɪkəl|
[f. as prec. + -al1.]
†1. Relating to the world, i.e. the earth; geographical. Obs. rare.
1583Stanyhurst Aeneis iii. (Arb.) 82 Wheare thow supposest therefor, that here Italye fast by Dooth stand..Withdraw thy iudgment from that grosse cosmical erroure. 1819G. S. Faber Dispens. (1823) II. 166 The tabernacle represented the world: whence the..apostle terms it [Heb. ix. 1] a cosmical or mundane sanctuary.
2. a. = cosmic 2.
1685Boyle Enq. Notion Nat. 37 We may make use of one or other of these Terms, Fabrick of the World, System of the Universe, Cosmical Mechanism. 1850Blackie æschylus II. 297 This original cosmical meaning of the Greek gods, though lost by anthropomorphism to the vulgar. 1865Grote Plato I. i. 14 note, This Pythagorean cosmical system. 1878Stewart & Tait Unseen Univ. vi. §186. 190 There may be many cosmical intelligences, each embracing the whole universe.
b. = cosmic 2 b.
1856Meiklejohn tr. Kant's Crit. P.R. (1884) 256, I term all transcendental ideas in so far as they relate to the absolute totality in the synthesis of phænomena cosmical conceptions. 1861B. Powell in Ess. & Rev. (ed. 5) 133 Those thoroughly versed in cosmical philosophy.
3. a. = cosmic 3.
1849Herschel Outl. Astron. 538 That..our view is limited by a sort of cosmical veil which extinguishes the smaller magnitudes. 1869Phillips Vesuv. xii. 324 General terrestrial or cosmical conditions. 1882Proctor Fam. Sci. Stud. 47 Signs of the earth's passage through cosmical dust.
b. = cosmic 3 b.
1842–3Grove Corr. Phys. Forces (ed. 6) 70 A term which..sinks into nothing with reference to cosmical time, if cosmical time be not eternity.
4. Of or pertaining to cosmism.
1861Gresley Sophron & N. 74 Cosmical or Atheistical opinions.
5. Astron. Occurring at sunrise, coincident with the rising of the sun; said of the rising or setting of a star.
1594Blundevil Exerc. iii. i. xxxv. (ed. 7) 348 The Cosmicall setting..is when a starre goeth downe under the Horizon at such time as the Sunne riseth. 1638Penit. Conf. viii. (1657) 257 The Cosmical and Acronical rising and setting of such asterismes. 1726tr. Gregory's Astron. I. 232 The Cosmical rising and setting is all one with the Morning rising or setting, as if the beginning of the Artificial Day, or the Rising of the Sun, were the same with that of the World. 1826Colebrooke Misc. Ess. (1873) II. 372 It is the heliacal rising, not the cosmical, which governs certain religious rites.
6. cosmical constant, a multiplier occurring in Einstein's equations of general relativity. Cf. cosmological a. 2.
[1917A. Einstein in Sitzungsberichte Preuss. Akad. der Wissenschaften 144 An die Stelle der Poissonschen Gleichung setzen wir δϕ{b1}λϕ = 4πKρ, wobei λ eine universelle Konstante bedeutet.] 1933J. H. Jeans Universe around Us (ed. 3) i. 101 Einstein originally introduced this ‘cosmical constant’ curvature because he saw no other means of obtaining a static universe; it was in the days before the general recession of the nebulae had been noticed. 1937G. C. McVittie Cosmological Theory iii. 42 The cosmical constant is therefore also zero in the space-time of special relativity. 1958Listener 11 Dec. 972/2 By introducing the cosmical constant Einstein was able to specify a static condition of the universe in which the Newtonian attraction and cosmical repulsion are in exact balance. |