| 释义 |
‖ sordes|ˈsɔːdiːz|
[L. sordēs (pl., rare and defective in sing.), filth, uncleanness, etc., related to sordēre to be dirty or foul. Cf. sords.
Construed either as singular or plural.]
1. Dirt, filth; foul or feculent matter; refuse or rubbish removed or separated by or during the treatment, manufacture, or working of something.
1640Bp. Reynolds Passions xv. 139 A Sink by an house makes all the house the cleaner, because the Sordes are cast into that. 1657J. Watts A Scribe & his Let. Answ. Pref. Ep. p. x, You have your eares stuffed and opplete with Kitchin-stuffe and such soyl and sordes. 1758Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornw. 179 The sordes, which settles above the tin, is skimmed off. 1766Smollett Trav. I. 352 The sordes or dirt falls to the bottom, the oil swims a-top. c1800State Leslie of Powis (Jam.), The filth, sordes, dregs, or refuse of a distillery or manufactory. 1837Whittock Bk. Trades (1842) 435 (Tallow-chandler), The prepared tallow, freed by straining from its ‘sordes’, its adventitious particles and membranaceous envelopment.
fig.1660Trapp Comm. O.T. III. 515 Such persons chuse to remain in the sordes of their sins. 1780Bentham Princ. Legisl. ii. §6 To cleanse itself from the sordes of its impure original it was necessary it should change its name.
2. Filthy or feculent matter attaching to, or collecting on or in, the bodies of persons or animals.
1670E. Borlase Lathom Spaw 33 In facilitating the passage of the stone and gravel, and abstersing its sordes and minera, I find it very successful. 1790Phil. Trans. LXXX. 391 In the cancerous, as well as in other malignant ulcers, we frequently meet with a white sordes, which closely adheres to the surface of the sore. 1798W. Blair Soldier's Friend 51 The copious perspirations..must tend to accumulate filth and sordes upon the skin. 1835Kirby Hab. & Inst. Anim. II. xx. 316 The bird-louse is probably useful to birds in devouring the sordes which must accumulate at the root of their plumes. 1843R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. x. 107 An emetic clears the stomach of offending matters or sordes.
b. Impure matter collecting about the teeth, gums, etc.; spec. in Path., the foul crusts formed upon the teeth and lips in typhoid or other fevers.
1746R. James Introd. in Moufet's Health's Improv. 48 Putrid Sordes upon the Lips, Teeth, Tongue, Palate, and Fauces. 1811Self Instructor 533 By washing out the gums and natural sordes. 1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) II. 242 The lips are furred with a black tenacious sordes. 1876J. S. Bristowe Th. & Pract. Med. (1878) 109 His lips are dry, black, and probably fissured, his teeth loaded with sordes. |