| 释义 |
corrective, a. and n.|kəˈrɛktɪv|
[a. F. correctif, -ive, f. L. correct- ppl. stem + -ive.]
A. adj.
1. a. Having the property or function of correcting or setting right what is erroneous or faulty, or of producing amendment; tending to correct. Esp. in corrective training (see quots.). So corrective trainee.
1603Florio Montaigne iii. x. (1632) 570 Somewhat an hereticke: Incapable of innovation, though corrective [mesme correctifve]. 1630Brerewood Treat. Sabbath 14 (T.) The law of nations alloweth..masters over their servants not only a directive but a corrective and coactive power. 1622R. Holdsworth Serm. on Ps. cxliv. 15, 27 (L.) The Psalmist interposeth a caution in this corrective particle, ‘yea, happy’. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) II. xxxvii. 269 If my afflictions are sent me for corrective ends. a1853Robertson Serm. Ser. iii. viii. 108 The penalty..is, in the first instance, corrective, not penal. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 46 Utility..has been the great corrective principle in law, in politics. 1892Form D, Inl. Revenue, Corrective Affidavit in connection with the Stamp Duties on Probates. 1938Bill 2 & 3 Geo. VI (Public Bills II) 4. §16 Persons sentenced to corrective training..shall be allocated to a prison..and be given such employment and subjected to such methods of training and discipline as may be best fitted to lead to their reformation. 1939Ann. Reg. 1938 93 A Criminal Justice Bill... Two new types of prison sentences were proposed. One was called ‘corrective training’, and was to be for not less than two and not more than four years for persons between 21 and 30. 1963T. & P. Morris Pentonville ii. 30 Among the recalcitrant corrective trainees there are some who claim they are being denied the ‘right to be trained’.
b. In corrective justice, a rendering of Aristotle's διορθωτικὸν δίκαιον, also rendered commutative justice (see commutative 1 b); but by Hooker distinguished from this, and app. used in sense ‘castigatory, punitive’.
1531[see commutative 1 b]. c1586Hooker Serm. Pride ii. Wks. III. 772 The several kinds of justice, distributive, commutative, and corrective. Ibid. v. 794 So unappeasable is the rigour and dirity of his corrective justice. 1660R. Coke Power & Subj. 120 Nor is that corrective and distributive justice, which Aristotle affirmed to be in Arithmetical, and in Geometrical proportion. 1868Bain Ment. & Mor. Sc. 493 Corrective or Reparative Justice takes no account of persons.
2. Having the property of counteracting or neutralizing the ill effect of something hurtful or unpleasant; or of restoring to a healthy condition.
1533Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 71 b, Untill that humour be expelled, the diete muste be corrective of that humour. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. i. i. §3 This corrective spice, the mixture whereof maketh knowledge so sovereign, is charity. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet 246 Mulberries pectoral, corrective of the bilious Alkali. Mod. Advt., These corrective Pills are the best remedy for all defective action of the digestive organs.
B. n. [Elliptical uses of the adj.]
1. Something that has the property of counter-acting or neutralizing what is harmful; that which restores to a healthy state. Also fig.
1610B. Jonson Alch. Prol., No spirit so much diseased, But will with such fair correctives be pleased. a1631Donne Poems, To Sir H. Wotton, Do not adde Correctives, but as Chymikes, purge the bad. 1707Miege St. Gt. Brit. ii. 113 The Natives..take a large dose of Aqua Vitæ for a Corrective. 1721Berkeley Prev. Ruin Gt. Brit. Wks. III. 209 It is not enough to ease the part pained; we must..apply general correctives. 1863Holland Lett. Joneses xvii. 252 We take..some varieties of fruit as a corrective.
2. Something that tends to set right what is wrong, to remove or counteract an evil, etc. (Usually with more or less allusion to sense 1.) Const. of or to.
1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. (1827) I. Pref. 17, I had supplied a proper corrective to this. 1792D. Lloyd Voy. Life viii. 150 These calm correctives of a father's hand. 1857Buckle Civiliz. I. viii. 499 Patriotism is a corrective of superstition. 1882J. C. Morison Macaulay i. 8 His disproportionate partiality for the lighter sides of literature met with no corrective at Cambridge.
3. a. Something that acts so as to correct what is erroneous or mistaken. (Const. as in 2.)
1854Emerson Lett. & Soc. Aims, Poet. & Imag. Wks. (Bohn) III. 152 The criticism of memory as a corrective to first impressions. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 49 The utilitarian principle is valuable as a corrective of error.
†b. A modification introduced to remove error or inaccuracy; a correction. Obs.
1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. i. i. 34 Such an instance..that with certain correctives and exceptions may give some kind of Explication. 1769Burke Observ. Late State Nation Wks. 1842 I. 81 This corrective ought to be applied to all general balances of our trade, which are formed on the ordinary principles.
Hence coˈrrectively adv., in a corrective manner; by way of correction; coˈrrectiveness.
1626W. Sclater Expos. 2 Thess. (1629) 282 Rule of moderation correctiuely annexed. 1858Bushnell Serm. New Life 374 God will co-work invigoratively, correctively, and directively. 1890G. M. Fenn Double Knot III. viii. 118 ‘Much’ said Salome correctively. 1838G. S. Faber Answ. Husenbeth 24 Mr. Husenbeth's organ of critical correctiveness. |