| 释义 |
radix|ˈreɪdɪks, ˈrædɪks|
Pl. 7– radices |ˈreɪdɪsiːz|, 7– radixes.
[a. L. rādīx (stem rādīc-) a root.]
= root, in various senses.
1. Math.
†a. A root of a number. Obs.
1571Digges Pantom. ii. ii. M j, The Radix Quadrate of the Product, is the Hypothenusa. 1579― Stratiot. 13 To find the square Radix, or Roote of any number. 1719Quincy Phys. Dict. (1722) s.v., A Number, which multiplied into it self makes a Square, is called the Root, or Radix.
b. A number or symbol which is made the basis of a scale of numeration.
‘The term ‘radix’ is due to Robert Flower (1771)’. A. J. Ellis in Nature (1881) XXIII. 379/2.
1798Hutton Course Math. I. 148 When the radix r is = 10, then the index n becomes the common or Briggs's log. of the number N. 1841Penny Cycl. XIX. 234/2 Ten is the radix of the decimal system of numeration, and the radix of the common system of logarithms. 1888C. Smith Algebra xviii. (1893) 271 To express a number, N, in the scale whose radix is r.
attrib.1888C. Smith Algebra xviii. (1893) 273 Radix fractions in any scale correspond to decimal fractions in the ordinary scale. 1950W. W. Stifler High-Speed Computing Devices vi. 80 For any radix arithmetic the basic tables corresponding to the addition and the multiplication tables of decimal arithmetic can be written. Ibid. 87 Corresponding representations of the same numbers for radices 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, and 10 are tabulated. 1960N. R. Scott Analog & Digital Computer Technol. vii. 224 To represent the r digits in a radix r system by r binary digits is highly inefficient, and this figure of merit unduly penalizes radices not close to ε. Ibid. 227 If numbers can have n digits to the left of the radix point, the radix complement of a negative number is formed by adding the radix raised to the nth power to the negative number. 1969P. B. Jourdain Condensed Computer Encycl. 412 If a number is added to its radix complement, the result is a 1 followed by a 0 for every position in the original number. Radix complement is used in some computers..and desk calculators for representing negative numbers. 1970O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing xvii. 280 In radix sort, the records usually pass through the sorting device—a computer or a card sorter, as many times as there are digits in the sorting key.
†2. Astrol. and Astron. A basis of calculation, as a nativity, a certain point in time, position of a planet, etc. Obs.
1603Sir C. Heydon Jud. Astrol. 363 These..haue euer a principall aime, vnto the position of heauen, at the natiuite, as the Radix, or roote of their operations. 1615Bedwell Arab. Trudg. Tarich., The Astronomers..do call it Radix, whereby they vnderstand some set..time beginning at some memorable action. 1674Flamsteed in Rigaud Corr. Sci. Men (1841) II. 143, I have pasted new radixes to the meridian of Derby, that so they may comply the better with my solar numbers. 1726tr. Gregory's Astron. I. 469 Every Planet's Radixes are to be settled, not of Longitude thereof,..but of the Mean Anomaly of the Planet. 1774J. Kennedy Expl. &c. Astron. Chron., Title, The truth and reality of the orginal Luni-Solar Radix.
3. The source or origin; that in which anything originates.
1607Heywood Fair Maid Exchange Wks. 1874 II. 54 Her wit is all spirit, that spirit fire,..able to burne the radix of the best invention. 1654H. L'Estrange Chas. I (1655) 111 The radix and ground of this contest was this. a1716South Serm. (1744) XI. i. 5 Concupiscence, I shew, was the radix of all sin. 1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) III. 26 Hence a separate and specific power has..been ascribed to the nervous fibres themselves, while the brain has been contemplated as their radix. 1840De Quincey Essenes Wks. 1862 IX. 297 Judaism is the radix of Christianity.
†4. Philol. An original word or form from which other words are derived. Obs.
1641E. Legh (title) Critica Sacra. Observations on all the Radices, or Primitive Hebrew words of the Old Testament. 1668Wilkins Real Char. iv. vi. 453 Of all other Languages, the Greek is looked upon to be one of the most copious; the Radixes of which are esteemed to be about 3244. 1761Sterne Tr. Shandy IV. xxix, Inasmuch as the radix of each word is hereby torn up. 1771W. Jones Zool. Eth. 102 A quadriliteral word..compounded of a double radix.
†5. Ancestral root or stock. Obs. rare.
1651C. Cartwright Cert. Relig. i. 106, I shall run your pedigree to the radix. 1652H. C. Looking Glasse for Ladies A ij, The two Twins of Grace and Vertue descended from the Radix of your Nobility.
†6. Mus. The root of a chord. Obs. rare—1.
1672Phil. Trans. VII. 5154 Musical Sounds are originally in the Radix or Unison.
7. Bot. The root of a plant.
1727–41in Chambers Cycl. 1866Treas. Bot. 955/1. |