| 释义 |
sonata|sə(ʊ)ˈnɑːtə, soˈnata|
Also with pl. ‖ sonate |soˈnate|.
[It., fem. pa. pple. of sonare to sound. Cf. F. sonate.]
1.
†a. A musical composition for instruments as opposed to one for voices (a cantata). Obs.
b. An instrumental piece of music, usually for the pianoforte, in several (commonly three or four) movements. double sonata (see quot. 1880).
1694Purcell Playford's Skill Music (ed. 12) 116 But if you Compose Sonata's, there one Treble has as much Predominancy as the other. 1713Guardian No. 67, He has made use of Italian Tunes and Sonatas for promoting the Protestant Interest. 1766Entick London IV. 447 Several..songs are performed, with sonatas or concertos between each. 1801Busby Dict. Mus. s.v., The Sonata, of whatever kind, generally opens with an Adagio; and..concludes with an Allegro, or a Presto. 1848Dickens Dombey liii, I have..gone accurately through the whole of Beethoven's Sonata in B. 1880Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms, Double sonata, a sonata for two solo instruments, as pianoforte and violin, or two pianofortes.
transf.1869Routledge's Ev. Boy's Ann. 469 Morton had recommenced another sonata on his nasal organ.
c. sonata da camera, a sonata suitable for performance in a room smaller than a concert-hall; sonata da chiesa, a sonata suitable for performance in a church.
[1789C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music (1935) iii. ix. 548 Among the most early of these productions may be ranked the Suonate per Chiesa, of Legrenzi, published at Venice 1655; Suonate da Chiesa e camera, 1656.] 1801Busby Dict. Mus. s.v. Sonata, There are several kinds of Sonatas. The Italians, however, reduce them principally to two: the Sonata da Camera, or Chamber Sonata; and the Sonata de Chiesa, or Church Sonata. 1883Grove Dict. Mus. III. 556/2 There are twenty-four ‘Sonate da Chiesa’ for strings, lute, and organ, twenty-four ‘Sonate da Camera’ for the same instruments, and twelve Solos or sonatas for violin and violoncello, or ‘cembalo’. 1938Oxf. Compan. Mus. 879/2 These may be said to close the period of the Sonata da Chiesa or abstract type of the contrapuntal period. Nearly all these composers also wrote works of the Sonata da Camera (or dance) type. 1968Listener 20 June 813/3 The extent to which purely instrumental pieces were demanded during the services seems altogether extraordinary. This was the cradle of the sonata da chiesa and the concerto grosso. 1974Early Music July 185/2 Adriano Banchieri was so smitten with the aria..that he set it..as a sonata da camera for two violins and bass.
2. Without article: The class of music represented by sonatas.
1883Grove's Dict. Music III. 558/2 The domain of Sonata was for a long while almost monopolised by violinists and writers for the violin.
3. attrib., as sonata face, sonata form, sonata kind, sonata movement.
1703Farquhar Inconstant ii. ii, I see you have a singing face; a heavy dull sonata face. 1873H. C. Banister Music 209 In Concertos..the Sonata form is extended. 1874Ouseley Musical Form 54 The modern binary form is often but inaccurately styled ‘the sonata form’. 1883Grove's Dict. Music III. 554/1 Abstract instrumental music of the Sonata kind. 1942Ann. Reg. 1941 295 Mr. T. S. Eliot's new poem, The Dry Salvages..had a sonata movement, the recurring theme being the timelessness of experience. 1947A. Einstein Music in Romantic Era xviii. 350 The musical construction of a sonata or a sonata-movement does not follow real or idealized feelings.
Hence soˈnatical a. rare—1.
1797Monthly Mag. III. 227 The symphony of the present day is perfectly sonatical. |