| 释义 |
▪ I. solvate, n. Chem.|ˈsɒlveɪt|
[f. solve v. + -ate1.]
A more or less loosely bonded complex formed between a dissolved species and the solvent.
1905Amer. Chem. Jrnl. XXXIV. 489 The existence of hydrates or solvates (in the case of non-aqueous solvents) in one form or another is an old conception. 1922A. W. Stewart Physico-Chem. Themes 269 Another form of explanation is arrived at by assuming that solvates are formed on the addition of the salt. 1969T. C. Waddington Non-Aqueous Solvents ii. 18 Because of its ability to donate its lone pair of electrons to form a covalent coordinate link, as well as by ion-dipole attraction, ammonia forms many solvates.
▪ II. solvate, v. Chem.|sɒlˈveɪt|
[f. solve v. + -ate3.]
trans. To form a solvate with (a dissolved species). Usu. as solˈvated pa. pple. and ppl. a. Also (rare) intr., to undergo solvation. Hence solˈvating ppl. a.
1909Publ. Carnegie Inst. No. 110. 104 When a salt of one of these elements is dissolved in a solvent both the molecules of the salt and the ions formed from them become solvated. 1913H. C. Jones New Era Chem. ix. 165 Non electrolytes solvate very slightly. The electrolytes combine with large amounts of the solvent. Ibid., It is the ions which are the chief solvating agents. 1932Philbrick & Holmyard Text Bk. Theoret. & Inorg. Chem. xi. 312 Hydrogen chloride is a strong acid only in solvents in which it is solvated. 1958Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. XLIV. 429 Strongly hydrogen-bonding organic solvents have been found to solvate polypeptides and proteins completely. 1968V. Gutmann Coordination Chem. in Non-Aqueous Solutions ii. 34 With increasing donor properties of the solvent its solvating properties become stronger. 1971Nature 1 Jan. 13/2 The study of the solvated electron has its origins in the work begun by Kraus at the beginning of this century on the blue solutions formed by dissolving alkali metals in liquid ammonia and amines. Electrical conductivity and other measurements have established that the solvated electron is responsible for the blue colour of these solutions. 1976J. Daintith Dict. Physical Sci. 4/2 In solution the hydrogen ion, H+, is solvated by water and often considered to be a hydroxonium ion, H3O+. 1977Sci. Amer. July 95/1 The solvated electrons in an alkali-metal-ammonia solution should behave like unpaired electrons in an atom and hence should make the solutions paramagnetic. Ibid. 98/3 The entire complex can then readily be solvated by a polar liquid such as an amine or an ether. |