| 释义 |
solonchak Soil Science.|ˈsɒləntʃæk|
Also solontschak, etc.
[a. Russ. solonchák salt marsh, salt lake, f. sol′ salt.]
A type of salty, alkaline soil that has little or no structure, is characteristically pale in colour, and occurs typically under salt-tolerant vegetation in poorly-drained semi-arid or desert regions.
1925S. A. Waksman tr. K. K. Gedroits's Soil Absorbing Complex & Absorbed Soil Cations (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 9 The stage of formation of a saline soil (solontshak) will in this case always take place before the stage of formation of an alkaline soil (solonetz). 1927C. F. Marbut tr. Glinka's Great Soil Groups of World 40 There is no word in English carrying the same meaning conveyed by the expression ‘alkali soils with definite structure’. To avoid the use of so long a phrase the Russian word Solonetz will be used in the following pages while the word Solontschak will be used for ‘alkali soils without pronounced structure’. 1939Agric. in 20th Cent. 177 Where the soil water tended to move upwards, as in parts of the hot, dry countries, and especially where it contained salts in solution, another set of changes took place and the resulting soils were called ‘solontchaks’. 1963D. W. & E. E. Humphries tr. Termier's Erosion & Sedimentation xv. 325 At the research station at Hamadena, the soils are dominantly solonchak, secondarily characterized by being sodic, magnesian and calcic. 1972J. G. Cruickshank Soil Geogr. iv. 145 Where sodium salts exceed 2 per cent of the mineral matter, a salic horizon is produced which may even be a salt crust on the soil surface under extremely dry conditions and high groundwater table. The soil is called a solonchak. |